In crystallography，crystal structure is a description of the ordered arrange-ment of atoms，ions or molecules in a crystalline material.Ordered structures oc-cur from the intrinsic nature ofthe constituent particles to form symmetric patterns that repeat along the principal directions of three-dimensional space in matter.The smallest group of particles in the material that constitutes this repeating pattern is the unit cell of the structure.The unit cell completely reflects the sym-metry and structure of the entire crystal，which is built up by repetitive translation of the unit cell along its principal axes.The translation vectors define the nodes of the Bravais lattice.The lengths of the principal axes，or edges，of the unit cell and the angles between them are the lattice constants，also called lattice parameters or cell para-meters.The symmetry properties of the crystal are described by the concept of space groups.All possible symmetric arrangements of particles in three-dimen-sional space may be described by the 230 space groups.The crystal structure and symmetry play a critical role in determining many physical properties，such as cleavage，electronic band structure，and optical trans-parency.In the present book，twenty-nine typical literatures about crystalline struc-ture published on international authoritative journals were selected to introduce the worldwide newest progress，which contains reviews or original researches on crystallography，crystalline material，electronic band structure and optical transpa-rency，etc.We hope this book can demonstrate advances in crystalline structure as well as give references to the researchers，students and other related people.

Soft nanoscience is an area that is occupied principally by chemists， and is in many ways indistinguishable from nanochemistry.Soft nanoscience is the branch of nanotechnology concerned with the synthesis and properties of organic and organometallic nanostructures， and with nanofabrication using techniques in which soft components play key roles.It begins with a brief history of soft nano-technology.This history has followed a path involving a gradual shift from the promise of revolutionary electronics， nanorobotics， and other futuristic concepts，to the realization of evolutionary improvements in the technology for current challenges in information technology， medicine， and sustainability.Soft nano-science is an area that is occupied principally by chemists， and is in many ways indistinguishable from nanochemistry.The paper identifies the natural tendency of its practitioners-exemplified by the speakers at this Faraday Discussion-tofocus on synthesis and structure， rather than on function and application， of nano-structures.Soft nanotechnology has the potential to apply to a wide variety of large-scale applied （information technology， healthcare cost reduction， sustainabil-ity， energy） and fundamental （molecular biochemistry， cell biology， charge trans-port in organic matter） problems.In the present book， twenty-one typical literatures about soft nanoscience published on international authoritative journals were selected to introduce the worldwide newest progress， which contains reviews or original researches on soft nanoscience， which includes polymers and colloids.This will necessarily address nanostructured polymers （e.g.block copolymers）， nanocomposites， physical gels，microemulsions， surface/interface modification， new processes （e.g.electrospin-https：//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20334113.ning/spraying）， confinement effects， the organic/biological interface， and respon-sive/functional polymers.We hope this book can demonstrate advances in soft nanoscience as well as give references to the researchers， students and other re-lated people.

The Additive Manufacturing （3D printing） process builds a three-dimensional object from a computer-aided design （CAD） model，usually by successively add-ing material layer by layer，wbich is why it is also called additive manufacturing，and unlike conventional machining，casting and forging processes，where material is removed from a stock item or poured into a mold and shaped by means of dies，presses and hammers. The umbrella term additive manufacturing （AM） gained popularity in the 2000s，inspired by the theme of material being added together （in any of various ways）. In contrast，the term subtractive manufacturing appeared as a retronym for the large family of machining processes with material removal as their common theme. The term 3D printing still referred only to the polymer tech-nologies in most minds，and the term AM was more likely to be used in metal-working and end use part production contexts than among polymer，ink-jet，or ste-reo lithography enthusiasts.In the present book，thirty typical literatures about additive manufacturing published on intemational authoritative joumals were selected to introduce the worldwide newest progress，which contains reviews or original researches on Rapid Prototyping，3D printing and Solid Free-form Fabrication，etc. We hope this book can demonstrate advances in Additive Manufacturing as well as give refer-ences to the researchers，students and other related people.

Graphene is an allotrope of carbon in the form of a single layer of atoms in a two-dimensional hexagonal lattice in which one atom forms each vertex.It is the basic structural element of other allotropes，including graphite，charcoal，carbon nanotubes and fullerenes.It can also be considered as an indefinitely large aromatic molecule，the ultimate case of the family of flat polycyclic aro-matic hydrocarbons.Graphene has a unique set of properties which set it apart from other mate-rials.In proportion to its thickness，it is about 100 times stronger than the strongest steel.It conducts heat and electricity very efficiently and is nearly transparent.Graphene also shows a large and nonlinear diamagnetism，even greater than gra-phite，and can be levitated by Nd-Fe-B magnets.Researchers have identified the bipolar transistor effect，ballistic transport of charges and large quantum oscilla-tions in the material.In the present book，thirty-three typical literatures about Graphene published on international authontative joumals were selected to introduce the worldwide newest progress，which contains reviews or original researches on Graphene.We hope this book can demonstrate advances in Graphene as well as give references to the researchers，students and other related people.

A biomaterial is any substance that has been engineered to interact with bi-ological systems for a medical purpose-either a therapeutic （treat，augment，re-pair or replace a tissue function of the body） or a diagnostic one.As a science，biomaterials is about fifty years old.The study of biomaterials is called biomate-rials science or biomaterials engineering.It has experienced steady and strong growth over its history，with many companies investing large amounts of money into the development of new products.Biomaterials science encompasses elements of medicine，biology，chemistry，tissue engineering and materials science.Note that a biomaterial is different from a biological material，such as bone，that is produced by a biological system.Additionally，care should be exercised in defining a biomaterial as biocompatible，since it is application-specific.A bioma-terial that is biocompatible or suitable for one application may not be biocompati-ble in another.In the present book，twenty-three typical literatures about biomaterials pub-lished on international authoritative journals were selected to introduce the worldwide newest progress，which contains reviews or original researches on biomaterials science or biomaterials engineering.We hope this book can demon-strate advances in biomaterials as well as give references to the researchers，stu-dents and other related people.

本书从基本方法和原理出发，论述了高分子微结构修饰调控材料表界面性能的先进技术与设计。主要内容包括高分子微结构修饰方法如自组装单分子层法、微区接触反应法、平板印刷法等，及其在生物学领域中的巨大应用前景诱导细胞定向生长、生物分子检测、肿瘤细胞灵敏抓捕等。本书可供高分子材料领域研究人员，以及从事材料表界面设计的科研工作者和相关研究生参考。

本书为教育部“十二五”普通高等教育本科国家级规划教材，是在第六版的基础上进一步修订而成的。全书有5篇共18章，分上、下两册出版。上册含平衡篇、速率篇；下册含结构篇、统计篇和扩展篇。每章最后有简史、结束语和习题。相关参考书、习题答案等见书后二维码。附录放在上册，索引与中英文对照放在下册。本版还特意将那些扩大知识面的内容，为将来进一步学习做准备的内容，属于理论性较强的提高内容，添加“*”号，以便读者根据具体情况取舍。 本书可作为高等学校化学、化工类专业的教材，也可供相关专业选用和相关科研与工程技术人员参考。

本书从简要介绍石墨烯的性质与制备开始，进而详述石墨烯宏观组装的概念、原理及方法。本书以宏观组装材料的维度分类，综述了石墨烯纤维、石墨烯膜及石墨烯三维组装体的研究历程与进展，并进一步分析其结构与性能的基本关系。本书同时着力于石墨烯宏观组装材料的应用，从力学、热学、储能、环境净化、光热与光电、电磁屏蔽与吸波、催化等方面展开论述，逐步形成石墨烯宏观组装材料应用的索引地图。 本书适用于从事石墨烯宏观组装材料领域研究工作的工程技术人员，以及科研院所和大中专高校相关专业的学生和科研人员。

本书以近代合成方法为主线，内容涵盖低温固相合成法、水/溶剂/离子热合成法、超临界流体合成法、溶胶-凝胶法、机械化学合成法、声化学合成法、光化学合成法、电化学合成法、微波化学合成法等方法。并在概要介绍以上合成方法的基础上，编写了无机化合物、有机化合物、有机高分子化合物、配位聚合物以及经典纳米颗粒的合成实验，以展现该合成方法广泛的适用范围，并培养学生的综合实验技能，为以后的科学研究工作奠定坚实的基础。本书适用于化学类及近化学类专业本科生及研究生的实验教材及实验参考书。

《纳米MOF及其复合物和衍生物》为“低维材料与器件丛书”之一。金属-有机框架（MOF）材料作为一种新兴的晶态多孔材料，具有丰富可调的组分和多孔结构。相较于早期围绕MOF材料的结构设计合成及常规性能研究，近年来，越来越多的研究开始转向具有可控形貌的MOF纳米材料及其复合物和衍生物，有效地克服了MOF材料本身的缺陷，提升了MOF性能并赋予更多的功能性，它们在吸附与分离、载药、催化、储能、传感及环境保护等应用领域表现出独特的优势。《纳米MOF及其复合物和衍生物》系统介绍了纳米MOF材料及其复合物和衍生物的制备策略，以及其在诸多领域的应用，同时还着重阐述了材料的结构与性能之间的构效关系，并对这类材料的制备与应用的发展趋势和面临的挑战做了前瞻。