In crystallography，crystal structure is a description of the ordered arrange-ment of atoms，ions or molecules in a crystalline material.Ordered structures oc-cur from the intrinsic nature ofthe constituent particles to form symmetric patterns that repeat along the principal directions of three-dimensional space in matter.The smallest group of particles in the material that constitutes this repeating pattern is the unit cell of the structure.The unit cell completely reflects the sym-metry and structure of the entire crystal，which is built up by repetitive translation of the unit cell along its principal axes.The translation vectors define the nodes of the Bravais lattice.The lengths of the principal axes，or edges，of the unit cell and the angles between them are the lattice constants，also called lattice parameters or cell para-meters.The symmetry properties of the crystal are described by the concept of space groups.All possible symmetric arrangements of particles in three-dimen-sional space may be described by the 230 space groups.The crystal structure and symmetry play a critical role in determining many physical properties，such as cleavage，electronic band structure，and optical trans-parency.In the present book，twenty-nine typical literatures about crystalline struc-ture published on international authoritative journals were selected to introduce the worldwide newest progress，which contains reviews or original researches on crystallography，crystalline material，electronic band structure and optical transpa-rency，etc.We hope this book can demonstrate advances in crystalline structure as well as give references to the researchers，students and other related people.

Soft nanoscience is an area that is occupied principally by chemists， and is in many ways indistinguishable from nanochemistry.Soft nanoscience is the branch of nanotechnology concerned with the synthesis and properties of organic and organometallic nanostructures， and with nanofabrication using techniques in which soft components play key roles.It begins with a brief history of soft nano-technology.This history has followed a path involving a gradual shift from the promise of revolutionary electronics， nanorobotics， and other futuristic concepts，to the realization of evolutionary improvements in the technology for current challenges in information technology， medicine， and sustainability.Soft nano-science is an area that is occupied principally by chemists， and is in many ways indistinguishable from nanochemistry.The paper identifies the natural tendency of its practitioners-exemplified by the speakers at this Faraday Discussion-tofocus on synthesis and structure， rather than on function and application， of nano-structures.Soft nanotechnology has the potential to apply to a wide variety of large-scale applied （information technology， healthcare cost reduction， sustainabil-ity， energy） and fundamental （molecular biochemistry， cell biology， charge trans-port in organic matter） problems.In the present book， twenty-one typical literatures about soft nanoscience published on international authoritative journals were selected to introduce the worldwide newest progress， which contains reviews or original researches on soft nanoscience， which includes polymers and colloids.This will necessarily address nanostructured polymers （e.g.block copolymers）， nanocomposites， physical gels，microemulsions， surface/interface modification， new processes （e.g.electrospin-https：//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20334113.ning/spraying）， confinement effects， the organic/biological interface， and respon-sive/functional polymers.We hope this book can demonstrate advances in soft nanoscience as well as give references to the researchers， students and other re-lated people.

The Additive Manufacturing （3D printing） process builds a three-dimensional object from a computer-aided design （CAD） model，usually by successively add-ing material layer by layer，wbich is why it is also called additive manufacturing，and unlike conventional machining，casting and forging processes，where material is removed from a stock item or poured into a mold and shaped by means of dies，presses and hammers. The umbrella term additive manufacturing （AM） gained popularity in the 2000s，inspired by the theme of material being added together （in any of various ways）. In contrast，the term subtractive manufacturing appeared as a retronym for the large family of machining processes with material removal as their common theme. The term 3D printing still referred only to the polymer tech-nologies in most minds，and the term AM was more likely to be used in metal-working and end use part production contexts than among polymer，ink-jet，or ste-reo lithography enthusiasts.In the present book，thirty typical literatures about additive manufacturing published on intemational authoritative joumals were selected to introduce the worldwide newest progress，which contains reviews or original researches on Rapid Prototyping，3D printing and Solid Free-form Fabrication，etc. We hope this book can demonstrate advances in Additive Manufacturing as well as give refer-ences to the researchers，students and other related people.

从宏观层面分析2010年以来北京、天津和河北省化肥、农药、农膜等农用化学投入品的使用量、变化规律、施肥强度、施药强度等情况；基于农户视角，从微观层面摸清农户对种植业源环境污染的认知与意识，农户化肥、农药、农膜使用行为，以及农业清洁生产技术采纳行为与持久采纳意愿，进一步探究京津冀种植业源环境污染形成的原因。同时借鉴靠前种植业农用化学品投入减量增效经验，提出京津冀区域种植业农用化学品减量增效路径与防控对策，为减少京津冀种植业源污染排放，推动京津冀环境协同发展提供理论支撑。

本书遵循绿色化学的理念，在保证基本技能和基本操作训练的前提下，强调现代有机合成中的无水无氧操作、层析跟踪和层析分离，同时增加了新技术、新技能实验，如微波反应、光化学反应、过渡金属催化、不对称催化及酶催化、多步骤有机合成等相关内容。教材共六章，包括：有机化学实验的基本知识、有机化合物的分离与提纯技术、有机化学基础实验、现代有机合成方法及多步骤有机合成实验，共65个实验项目。附录从实用性出发，介绍了有机化学实验常用仪器的中引文对照、有机化学实验常用溶剂的纯化，希望对科研工作者有所帮助。本书适合高等院校化学及相关专业的本科生作为教材，也可以作为有机化学及相关专业科技人员的参考书。

Graphene is an allotrope of carbon in the form of a single layer of atoms in a two-dimensional hexagonal lattice in which one atom forms each vertex.It is the basic structural element of other allotropes，including graphite，charcoal，carbon nanotubes and fullerenes.It can also be considered as an indefinitely large aromatic molecule，the ultimate case of the family of flat polycyclic aro-matic hydrocarbons.Graphene has a unique set of properties which set it apart from other mate-rials.In proportion to its thickness，it is about 100 times stronger than the strongest steel.It conducts heat and electricity very efficiently and is nearly transparent.Graphene also shows a large and nonlinear diamagnetism，even greater than gra-phite，and can be levitated by Nd-Fe-B magnets.Researchers have identified the bipolar transistor effect，ballistic transport of charges and large quantum oscilla-tions in the material.In the present book，thirty-three typical literatures about Graphene published on international authontative joumals were selected to introduce the worldwide newest progress，which contains reviews or original researches on Graphene.We hope this book can demonstrate advances in Graphene as well as give references to the researchers，students and other related people.

A biomaterial is any substance that has been engineered to interact with bi-ological systems for a medical purpose-either a therapeutic （treat，augment，re-pair or replace a tissue function of the body） or a diagnostic one.As a science，biomaterials is about fifty years old.The study of biomaterials is called biomate-rials science or biomaterials engineering.It has experienced steady and strong growth over its history，with many companies investing large amounts of money into the development of new products.Biomaterials science encompasses elements of medicine，biology，chemistry，tissue engineering and materials science.Note that a biomaterial is different from a biological material，such as bone，that is produced by a biological system.Additionally，care should be exercised in defining a biomaterial as biocompatible，since it is application-specific.A bioma-terial that is biocompatible or suitable for one application may not be biocompati-ble in another.In the present book，twenty-three typical literatures about biomaterials pub-lished on international authoritative journals were selected to introduce the worldwide newest progress，which contains reviews or original researches on biomaterials science or biomaterials engineering.We hope this book can demon-strate advances in biomaterials as well as give references to the researchers，stu-dents and other related people.

《配位化学》对我国配位化学学科研究的发展情况做了比较系统、具体的叙述与总结，展现了我国在配位化学领域研究所取得的成绩，同时指出学科发展存在的问题和面临的挑战，并提出了一些建议、对策，为我国在该领域的原始创新研究提供指导与参考。

本书为“十二五”职业教育国家规划教材修订版，有《无机及分析化学实验》与之相配套。全书内容包括气体和溶液、化学热力学基础、化学反应速率与化学平衡、物质结构、元素及其化合物选述、定量分析基础、酸碱平衡和酸碱滴定法、重量分析法和沉淀滴定法、氧化还原平衡和氧化还原滴定法、配位平衡和配位滴定法、吸光光度法等。本书配套建设有授课用演示视频、习题解答、教学动画、微视频等数字化教学资源，可通过扫描书中二维码浏览、学习。教师可以发送邮件至编辑邮箱gaojiaoshegaozhi@163.com索取教学课件。本书适用于高等职业教育院校化工、环境、轻工、制药、农林、医学、食品等专业的“无机及分析化学”课程的教学，也可供相关技术人员参考。

本书是胡坪、王氢编写的《仪器分析》第5版配套教学指导用书。全书共分为15章，每章包括内容提要、知识要点、思考题与习题解答、综合练习、参考答案及解析五个部分。综合练习部分又包括是非题、选择题、填空题、计算题和简答题五种类型，编写的题目均围绕教学重点、难点进行设计，同时注重应用性和先进性。综合练习分为是非题、选择题、填空题、计算题和简答题，并给出参考答案及解析，使读者不仅“知其然”，还“知其所以然”。其中部分题目的编写针对学习瓶颈，培养综合分析和举一反三的能力；还有部分题目基于科研成果、学科进展、国家标准方法编制而成，以拓宽读者的科技视野和思维空间，提高创新意识。本书还可以作为仪器分析、分析化学、药物分析等相关课程的辅导教材和教学参考书。