物理学
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朗道理论物理学教程 第5卷[俄] L.D.朗道,E.M.栗弗席兹 著《朗道理论物理学教程 第 5 卷:统计物理学 第 1 册 (第 3 版)》是以吉布斯方程理论为基础来讨论大量单个粒子构成的物体的性质和行为所遵循的统计规律性,本书对统计物理与热力学一起展开了讨论。本书主要内容包括:统计物理学的基本原理、热力学量、吉布斯分布、理想气体、费米分布和玻色分布、凝聚体、非理想气体和相平衡、溶液、化学反应、高密度物质的性质、涨落、晶体的对称性、二级相变与临界现象和表面。本套教程附有大量的例题和习题,是大学物理系师生和理论物理学工作者必备的重要参考书。
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朗道理论物理学教程 第7卷[俄] L.D.朗道,E.M.栗弗席兹 著《朗道理论物理学教程 第 7 卷:弹性力学 (第 3 版)》本书系统的介绍了弹性理论的基本概念和研究方法。本书从弹性理论的基本方程入手,介绍了杆和板的平衡理论、弹性波、位错,还介绍了固体的热传导和黏性和液晶力学相关内容。本套教程附有大量的例题和习题,是大学物理系师生和理论物理学工作者必备的重要参考书。
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来自星星的我们上海彩虹雨儿童智能训练中心 著,上海彩虹雨儿童智能训练中心 编本书是孤独症儿童集体手绘的画册。通过主人公小涛的故事来呈现自闭症被发现,及其家庭一起来认识对待的完整过程。全书图文并茂,每幅图画均配有中英文解读。而每幅图画均由自闭症儿童亲笔所绘,让读者不禁为之动容。书名用第一人称“来自星星的我们”是自白,也是呼吁公众。正如中国精协副主席兼秘书长郭德华在序里所写的那样:“了解才能理解,理解才能接纳,希望大家像喜欢和接纳这本书一样,喜欢并接纳孤独症人士。我们共同努力,让社会对孤独症儿童及其家庭多一份理解、接纳与支持,让世界充满爱与和谐。”在第十四届世界孤独症日(4月2日)来临之际,谨以此书献礼。
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数学与物理丘成桐 等 编《数学与人文》丛书第三十一辑将继续着力贯彻“让数学成为国人文化的一部分”的宗旨,展示数学丰富多彩的方面。 本专辑登载丘成桐先生的两篇专稿,恰好分别是涉及中外两个著名高等学府的学术行政工作的回顾和评论,读来令人颇受教益和启发。在“数学与物理”栏目中,清华大学物理学教授、中科院院士薛其坤指出,数学和物理很多情况下都是密不可分的;美国新罕布什尔大学数学与统计系的孔良注意到,物理和数学从一开始就有着相互依存的关系;Charles F. Doran 和 Ursula A. Whitcher的文章再次证明,数学与物理之间确实存在着不可思议的密切联系。 我们期望本丛书能受到广大学生、教师和学者的关注和欢迎,期待读者对办好本丛书提出建议,更希望丛书能成为大家的良师益友。
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中小学生阅读书系理查德·费曼本书是根据费曼教授在美国康奈尔大学所作的梅森哲讲座系列整理而成。物理学家是从直接从实验中找到自然律的吗?他们真的大胆地运用这些结果来探究未知并作出预言吗?或者他们只是发明这些定律并强加给现实呢?为了回答这些问题,费曼在书中概括了引力定律以及牛顿、麦克斯韦和爱因斯坦的伟大发现的共同主题,审视了作为自然的语言——数学与物理学的关系,探讨了守恒定律、对称性、过去与未来以及量子力学带来的概率和不确定性,后还展望了新的定律。
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矛盾叠加唐三歌 著从哲学、世界观的角度看量子理论,是本书的最大特点。 一是量子理论部分。第一步,从波粒二象性的关键概念进入,阐述量子理论的基本精神、框架体系、主要概念、焦点问题,及其与哲学的外延关系。第二步,讨论支撑量子理论的实验证据和数学证明。第三步,介绍量子力学的科学内容,重点是物质世界不连续、不确定、不实在、不可说的基本特性及其解释。 二是超级世界观部分。深入讨论多元宇宙问题,主要是世界存在的偶然性、物质实在的虚幻性、时空结构的复杂性。 重点证明,世界万物的本质是数学结构。
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计算流体力学和传热学[美] R.H.普莱彻,[美] J.C. ... 著Another 15 years have gone by since the second edition of this text appeared.During this period,the rate of development in algorithms has slowed compared to any earlier period,but the increase in computational power has been astounding and shows no sign of slowing.Desktop computers can outperform the supercomputers of the early 1990s.The rate ofimprovement of computing power is such that a problem that required a year of computing time to solve 10 years ago can now be solved overnight.The increase in computing power has enabled engineers to solve more complete equa-tions and complex geometries for aerodynamic flows,i.e.,use less physical modeling and fewer approximations.It has also motivated efforts to compute more complex physical phenomena such as turbulence and multiphase fiows.Another clear trend is the increasing use of commercial software for computational fiuid dynamics (CFD) applications.In the early days,CFD was mostly a do-it-yourself enterprise.It is more likely now that a CFD code is thought of as representing a large investment,and companies do not launch into writ-ing a new one without considerable thought.lt is more likely that CFD engineers will become involved in modifying or extending an existing code than in writing a new code from scratch. However,even making modifications to CFD codes requires knowledge of algorithms,general numerical strategies,and programming skills.The text promotes programming skills by explaining algorithm details and including homework problems that require programming.Even those engineers that will utilize com-mercial codes and be responsible for interpreting the results will be better prepared as a result of the knowledge and insight gained from developing codes themselves.It is very important for engineers to know the limitations of codes and to recognize when the results are not plausible.This will not change in the future.The experience gained by writing and debugging codes will contribute toward the matu-rity needed to wisely use and interpret results from CFD codes.It is essential that courses evolve as technology advances and new knowledge comes forth.However,not every new twist will have a permanent impact on the discipline,Fads die out,and some numerical approaches will become obsolete as computing power relentlessly advances.The authors have included a number of new developments in this edition while preserving the funda-mental elements of the discipline covered in earlier editions.A number ofideas and algorithms that are now less frequently utilized due to advances in computer hardware or numerical algorithms are retained so that students and instructors can gain a historical perspective of the discipline.Such material can be utilized at the discretion of the instructor.Thirty-four new homework problems have been added bringing the total number of homework problems to 376.We have retained the two-part,ten-chapter format of the text.Additions and clarifications have been made in all chapters.Part I,consisting of Chapters 1 through 4,deals with the basic concepts and fundamentals of the finite-difference and finite-volume methods.The historical perspective in Chapter 1 has been expanded.The sections on the finite-volume method in Chapter 3 have been revised and expanded.The conjugate gradient and generalized minimal residual (GMRES) meth-ods are now discussed in the section on Laplace's equation in Chapter 4.Part II,consisting of Chapters 5 through 10,covers applications to the equations of fluid mechanics and heat transfer.The governing equations are presented in Chapter 5.The equations for magnetohydrodynamic (MHD)flows and the quasi-one-dimensional form of the Euler equations are now included.Turbulencemodeling has been updated.The coverage of large-eddy simulation (LES) has been expanded anddetached eddy simulation (DES) has been introduced.In Chapter 8,the material on the parabolized Navier-Stokes (PNS) equations has been expanded to include methods for handling flow fields withsignificant upstream influences,including large streamwise separated regions.A number of updates and additions are found in Chapter 9.Coverage of Runge-Kutta schemes,residual smoothing,and the lower-upper symmetric Gauss-Seidel (LU-SGS) scheme have been expanded.Some recent vari-ations in time-accurate implicit schemes are also included.
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计算流体力学基础与多相流模拟应用陈彩霞,夏梓洪 著《计算流体力学基础与多相流模拟应用》包含多相流模拟从理论到实践的广泛基础知识。第1章深入浅出地介绍计算流体力学基础;第2章阐述多相流基本原理及其煤化工应用;第3章介绍比较成熟的多相流数值模拟方法;第4、5章分别介绍圆球绕流和气泡上升两个经典的多相流模拟案例,指导初学者使用CFD软件,分析简单的多相流问题;第6~8章结合能源与动力工程专业特点,介绍气液鼓泡塔两相流、气流床煤气化和射流流化床煤气化三个模拟案例,让读者了解多相流模拟技术的**进展。
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物理学思考题分析与解答周雨青 编本书是马文蔚等改编的《物理学》(第七版)的配套参考书,其中包括全部思考问题解答、知识点概要和解题感悟。全书以简洁的语言、普通物理的形式阐明物理问题,对使用《物理学》(第七版)和其他大学物理教材的读者有辅助作用。本书章节顺序与主教材一致,每章分概念及规律、思考及解答、解题感悟三个部分。全书紧扣主教材,联系教学实际,注重实用性。 本书适用于物理教学讨论课,亦可供社会读者了解物理知识。
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金属与合金的相变 第3版芬]D.A.波特,[英] K.E.伊斯特林,[荷] M.Y.谢里夫 著The fundamental theories of phase transformations in metals and alloys remain largely unchanged, so the third edition is essentially an expanded version of the second edition with additional material covering some of the more important application developments of the last 17 years. A section addressing the computation of phase diagrams has been added to Chapter 1 and recent developments in metallic glasses have been treated in Chapter 4. Chapter 5 contains most new material: the Scheil method of calculating a CCT diagram from a TTT diagram is now given; the treatment of the nucleation and growth of polygonal ferrite and bainite has been expanded to include new theories, while new case studies cover copper precipitation hardening of very low-carbon bainitic steel and very fine carbide-free bainite were added. In Chapter 6, a more detailed treatment of stress-assisted and strain-induced martensite is included to provide a theoretical background to transformation-induced plasticity(TRIP)steels.