本书以数据要素化治理的理论方法与工程实践为主线，内容按照概念篇、原理篇和工程篇依次展开。概念篇在对数据、数据要素相关概念及其演进过程进行系统梳理的基础上，首次对“数据要素”“数据要素化”进行了明确定义，并基于传统生产要素市场化配置规律，提出数据要素化治理的基本思路。在原理篇，定义了数据元件作为连接数据供需两端的“中间态”和数据要素交易流通的标的物，进而构建基于数据元件的数据要素流通模型、数据要素化安全模型以及数据要素化治理系统模型。在工程篇，详细阐述了制度体系、技术体系和市场体系“三位一体”的解决方案，并进行实践案例剖析，验证数据要素化治理模型及三大体系的可行性、有效性及可复制性。

本书是一本将理论与实践有机结合的计算机工作原理实践指南，包含41个实践项目，涵盖了从电路设计到代码编写的广泛主题。通过本书，读者将实践构建数字电路、设计一个猜谜游戏、将十进制数字转换为二进制、检查虚拟内存使用情况、运行自己的Web服务器等，从引人入胜的实践项目中学习如何像软件工程师一样思考、用数据描述真实世界的概念，使用欧姆定律和基尔霍夫定律分析电路的特性，以及如何像计算机一样思考、一步一步地在脑海中执行一个程序。

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th European PVM/MPI Users' Group Meeting held in Bonn， Germany in September 2006.The 38 revised full papers presented together with abstracts of 6 invited contributions， 4 tutorial papers and 6 poster papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 84 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on collective communication， communication protocols， debugging and verification， fault tolerance， metacomputing and grid， parallel I/O， implementation issues， object-oriented message passing， limitations and extensions， performance， and are completed with 6 contributions to the special ParSim session on current trends in numerical simulation for parallel engineering environments.

The engineering life cycle for complex systems design and development requires the set-up of adequate and controlled processes involving different partners and disciplines. The design integration and the final physical/functional integration and qualification imply a high degree of cross-interaction among all partners.This book documents the outcome of a European project on distributed system environments by presenting the results of the user's requirements analysis and assessing the current available technology such as collaboration systems design， analysis， and verification; middleware; product data and workflow management; multicast communication; network QoS management; and groupware. Besides technical results， the book surveys and classifies existing products and tools for collaborative distributed systems engineering.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Systems， Architectures， Modeling， and Simulation， SAMOS 2006， held in Samos， Greece on July 2006.The 47 revised full papers presented together with 2 keynote talks were thoroughly reviewed and selected from 130 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on system design and modeling， wireless sensor networks， processor design， dependable computing， architectures and implementations， as well as embedded sensor systems.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Principles of Distributed Systems， OPODIS 2006， held at Bordeaux， France， in December 2006.The 28 revised full papers presented together with 2 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from more than 230 submissions. The papers address all current issues in theory， specification， design and implementation of distributed and embedded systems.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Vector and Parallel Processing， VECPAR 2000， held in Porto， Portugal， in June 2000.The 40 revised full papers presented were carefully selected and improved during two rounds of reviewing. The papers are orgainized in topical sections on computational grids - languages and tools in multiplatform environments， cellular automata and applications in computational physics， linear and non-linear algebra， imaging， and finite/discrete elements in engineering applications.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 20th International Symposium on Distributed Computing， DISC 2006， held in Stockholm， Sweden in September 2006.The 35 revised full papers selected from 145 submissions are presented together with 1 invited paper and 13 brief announcements of ongoing works chosen from 26 submissions; all of them were carefully selected for inclusion in the book. The entire scope of current issues in distributed computing - theory， design， analysis， implementation， and application of distributed systems and networks - is addressed， ranging from foundational and theoretical topics to algorithms and systems issues and to applications in various fields.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Ubiquitous Computing Systems， UCS 2006， held in Seoul， Korea in October 2006.The 41 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 359 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on human computer interaction modeling and social aspects systems communications， as well as smart devices and security.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Conference on Embedded and Ubiquitous Computing， EUC 2006， held in Seoul， Korea in August 2006.The 113 revised full papers presented together with 3 keynote articles were carefully reviewed and selected from over 500 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on power aware computing， security and fault tolerance， agent and distributed computing， wireless communications， real-time systems， embedded software optimization， embedded systems， multimedia and data management， mobile computing， embedded system design automation， embedded architectures， network protocols， middleware and P2P.