风俗习惯
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从'他称'到'自称'白志红 著The Bai is one of the 55 ethnic minority groups (shaoshu minzu) officially demarcated in China between the 1950s and 1979. This study analyses the growth of Bai identity since the 1950s and the constructed or imagined difference with other peoples, and how the Bai have embraced the state-granted label, acted on it and experienced it emotionally, practically and politically. This book explores how Bai identities are produced and reproduced in-between the social-historical layerings of Bai/state, Bai/Han and Bai/Yi relationships.Many writers have examined the relationship between the state and ethnic minorities in southwest China. They argued convincingly against the portrayal of ethnic minorities as passive victims in the state enterprise of representation (Tapp 1986, 1995, 2002; Schein 1989, 2000; Harrell 1990, 1995, 1996, 2001; Litzinger 1995; Cheung Siu-woo 1996; Oaks 1998; Jonsson 2000; Bradley 2001 and Mueggler 2002). Others warn that emphasising resistance may fall prey to false dichotomising the state and the society (e.g. Sara Davis 1999, Mackerras 2004). My work extends such literature in the ethnography of self-representation and self-definition of Bai Identity. In line with these writers, I shall illustrate how the making of Bai ethnicity expresses the Bai identities, manipulates and reifies the Bai ethnic label designated by the NECP in daily life.Regarding representations of the Bai in Dali, Beth Nortar's (1999) dissertation provides an excellent starting point, yet her focus on historical Chinese representations undermines the subjectivity of the people under study. Nortar's later articles (2000, 2008) convincingly teased out the constructive nature of Bai identity by various parties (see also Mackerras 1988 and D. Wu 1989, 199411991]). My study builds on their studies through bringing together a broader range of subject matters where identity and ethnic labels interact by drawing on my extensive fieldwork in Dali between 1999 and 2005. I have \maintained a balanced yet critical attitude\ (Examiner's comments) towards sources. I have also shown \sensitivity towards the actions and views of the various relevant parties,and abstaining from extremist dichotomies one finds in some of the literature about China, especially in that about its ethnic minorities.\ (Examiner's comments). This book challenges a hegemonic and unilateral view of Chinese minzu by contextualising how the Bai people use the state-granted label to conceptualise Bai identities through historical studies, recent memories,religious practices and an annual social event. Most significant among my findings is the role of the legitimate name Baizu, which fits well into a China context by being politically correct, economically valuable, and historically embedded in local social life. The label Baizu has become a symbolic diacritic, which sets the basis for the sustainable reproduction of Bai identities based on features which are not necessarily ethnically distinctive but become so due to the legitimate label. And the Bai have utilised it as a manageable social and political entity for the expression of personal or collective identities under a projected monolithic and homogenous Bai Identity. This book concludes that Bai identity is a new form of group affiliation,new in the sense that the Bai have entered the new world of a clear-cut Baizu category, but it is not completely unfamiliar to them. -
国学智慧大典1马肇基 主编中国文化生生不息,悠远流长,千年历史凝炼国学智慧。国学不仅仅是固有学术,还包含着现代精神。国学并不是固步自封的僵化体系,而是不断融合其他文明以突破自我的日日新的生命体。国学并不遥远,与我们当下生活息息相关。正如于丹教授所言,国学一旦为生命体验所激活,那温暖的气息便流荡在心灵,让我们每一个人在失落甚至绝望的时候,能够感受到文化就是拯救自己的一种力量。 本套丛书内容广泛,涵盖了中国古典哲学、历史、伦理、宗教、诗词、兵法等文化范畴,涉及到的国学典籍一百多部,几乎涵盖了所有最精典的国学读本。读者既可以和老子论道,与司马迁谈史,也可以听曾国藩讲为政,陪李白一起作诗,参透儒家的进取、道家的无为、周易的精妙、法家的权谋、兵家的智慧……古为今用儒家修身道家养性,佛法增慧,兵家建功,法家强业,易学广智,察天人之境界,识人之道权谋之术,用略之法……溯本寻源,尽在传统国学之中,不仅可以带来阅读上的愉悦,更可提供蕴含深刻内涵的精神源泉。 -
中国文化知识读本边长庆,闫春生 编著《春节》讲述了春节是中国民间最隆重最富有特色的传统节日。一般指除夕和正月初一,是一年的第一天,又叫阴历年,俗称“过年”。但在民间,传统意义上的春节是指从腊月初八的腊祭或腊月二十三或二十四的祭灶,一直到正月十五,其中以除夕和正月初一为高潮。在春节期间,中国的汉族和很多少数民族都要举行各种活动以示庆祝。活动丰富多彩,带有浓郁的民族特色。 -
寅虎人民美术出版社 编《十二生肖艺术丛书:寅虎》主要内容包括了虎的世界、虎虎生威、虎的绘画、虎的雕塑、虎的肖形印、虎的年画、虎的玩具、虎的刺绣、虎的剪纸、虎的古代纹饰、虎的卡通、虎的图案等。 -
庚寅贺岁人民美术出版社 编2010年是虎年,《庚寅贺岁》以虎为主题共三大部分,介绍了虎的习俗、虎年生肖邮票、虎的卡片、武松打虎、虎景名胜、虎的起源与分化、虎的绘画、虎的雕塑、虎的年画、虎的剪纸等,精美的图片,优雅的文字、绝美的收藏品,带给读者老虎的全景感受! -
城市语境中的民俗保护蔡丰明 著当代非物质文化遗产的保护在联合国教科文组织的倡导和推动下,得到了世界许多国政府的认同和响应。据2008年3月《保护非物质文化遗产公约》第二次缔约国大会公布的数字,缔约国已达到了95个之多。保护非物质文化遗产、文化多样性和可持续发展的理念,逐渐深入人心,成为2l世纪第一个十年影响最大的世界性文化思潮之一。在我国,随着全球化、现代化、市场化、城镇化步伐的加快,特别是上亿农民进城务工,这种千古未见的大移民,既改变着农村和城市人口的结构,同时也正在改变着他们的身份,促使中国的传统文化,发生了前所未有的移动和嬗变。原本以原始狩猎、游牧和农耕文明为土壤的民族民间文化/非物质文化遗产,因其赖以生存的土壤——社会环境的变化,而变得十分脆弱或衰微,使其传承和延续遭遇了困境。 -
中华对联集锦张翔鹰,张翔麟 编著有中国人的地方就有对联。一到春节,家家户户都贴春联,以示庆贺。至于遇到婚嫁、寿辰、升学、乔迁、丧事这些大事,人们也会张贴对联表达心情。中国人还把这种爱好带到国外去,把对联贴到世界各地。凡是用汉语的中国人所生活的世界各个角落,都会有对联的身影。 -
365个最可怕的风俗桂绍海 编著“十里一风,百里一俗。”无论哪个民族,从衣食住行到婚嫁丧葬,从礼仪禁忌信仰崇拜,他们的风俗就像万花筒一样丰富多彩、千变万化。其中一些风俗是那么独特而新奇,赋予“可怕”二字,一起畅游其他民族的别样风情。 -
青少年一周一做岁时民俗里的文化愉悦施国富 编著中华民族的传统文化基于农耕生产,最后定型的也是在长期的农耕生产中成长的文化,我们的优势就在这里;在进入工业化社会以后,我们的局限也在这里。在农耕社会,几十个人、更多的人辛苦劳作两三年,使一块黄土从生地变成熟地,人们就不愿意再卷起铺盖到别的地方重新开荒,所以轻迁徙重稳定。耕几亩地,一两个人不行,就希望整个家庭一起耕作;为了保收成还要修水利,修水利也是一家一户做不了的,因此农业社会还讲究更大范围的合作。等到产生私有制,分成家庭,出现了原始的“联产承包”,又开始讲继承。土地要继承,农具要继承,农耕生产的技术也要继承。讲继承就带来一个敬祖的文化。同时,农耕生产需要逐渐积累。因此,人们不敢随意挥霍,在生活上尽量克制与节俭,省下东西留给孩子,自己的精神也留给孩子,用精神把现在和未来联系起来。 -
老北京那些事儿邓向东 等绘老北京已然成为历史。在这里发生的许许多多带有浓郁地域特点的往事和记忆,随着老城墙的破坏和旧胡同的没落,面临着失去依托的窘境……夕阳下的老北京人如何留住那过往记忆的沧桑?新一代北京人将如何触摸自己生于斯长于斯的城市的文化根基?憧憬中华文明古国故都文化的中外游客如何能够寻觅到老北京的魅力?翻开《老北京那些事儿》,贯穿于老北京衣食住行中的那些趣事闲闻、风土民情,各行各业中的仁义礼智信,胡同人家的喜怒哀乐忧,通过看似轻描淡写的叙述,借助栩栩如生的图画,透过回味深长的诗句,像一个个回放镜头,生动地展现在读者面前。
