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Internet技术基础(英文版·第4版)

Internet技术基础(英文版·第4版)

作者:(美)Douglas E.Comer

出版社:机械工业

出版时间:2007-01-01

ISBN:9787111204190

定价:¥45.00

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内容简介
  Douglas Comer是著名的网络技术作家、教师和顾问,他对因特网的概念和工作原理有其独到的见解和清晰的认识。在本书的第4版中,Comer教授从一种非技术化的角度来解释因特网后台的工作机制。计算机的通信方式、服务器以及因特网技术的原理。作者借助实用的方法,以清晰易懂且科学准确的语言介绍了因特网的各种技术及其不同的应用,向读者展示出网络互连和因特网的全景图。.本书主要特色·三大新增章节:NAT:介绍因特网的连接。..远程安全接入(VPN)。公司和个人网页(Wiki及Blog)。·关键网络概念,如分组交换、局域网、协议软件和域名。·全新的内容,包括wi-Fi的无线联网技术,Web制作工具,以及关子网络安全性的讨论。·包括电子商务的概述以及如何利用网络进行业务和商业交易。·采用更多易于理解的定义扩展了术语表的内容。“在可读性和清晰度方面,Douglas的表达力无出其右。本书的写作风格直接而且重点突出。……本书是适合网络初学者的一本优秀教材。”.——Raymond Hsieh,纽约州立大学布法罗分校“本书以一种简洁的语言向学生介绍了因特网,指出了关键所在及未来发展方向。”——RobinPeek,西蒙斯学院
作者简介
  作者:Douglas E.ComerDouglas E.Comer博士从20世纪70年代开始从事互联网的研究和开发工作,他曾是互联网体系结构委员会的成员,该委员会是确定互联网发展标准的权威机构;他也曾任美国计算机网CSTNET技术委员会的主席,该网络是美国早期互联网建设中最重要的网络之一。他现在是美国普渡大学计算机科学系的教授,从事计算机网络和操作系统方面的教学和科研工作。
目录
Chapter   The Internet Has Arrived  
The World Has Changed  
Numbers Do Not Tell The Story  
Learning About The Internet  
Understanding The Big Picture  
Terminology And Technology  
Growth And Adaptability  
The Impact Of The Internet  
Organization Of The Book  
A Personal Note  
Chapter 2 Getting Started: Hands-On Experience  
Introduction  
The Web: Sites And Pages  
Web Browsers and Browsing  
Using A Browser  
Examples Of Web Sites And Services  
Internet Search  
Summary  
Chapter 3 Telephones Everywhere  
Introduction  
A Communication Service  
Selling Communication  
Limited Acess  
High Cost  
The Difficult Transition  
Ubiquitous Acess  
Relevance To The Internet  
Chapter 4 The World Was Once Analog  
Introduction  
Sound, Vibrations, And Analog Recording  
Analog Electroni Devices  
Many Electroni Devices Are Analog  
The First Analog Communication  
Analog Is Simple But Inacurate  
Sending An Analog Signal Across A Wire  
Digital Music  
The Digital Revolution  
Computers Are Digital  
Digital Recording  
Using Digital To Recreate Analog  
Why Digital Music?  
Summary  
Chapter 5 The Once And Future Digital Network  
Introduction  
The World Was Previously Digital  
A Telegraph Is Digital  
Morse Code  
Letters And Digits In Morse Code  
Users Did Not Encounter Morse Code  
Virtually Instant Communication  
Speed Is Relative  
The Telephone Became Digital  
Relevance To The Internet  
Binary En oding Of Data On The Internet  
Why Use Two Symbols?  
Summary  
Chapter 6 BasicCommunication  
Introduction  
Communication Using Electricity  
Signals On Wires  
Information Coding  
Modems Allow Two-Way Traffi  
A Chara ter Code For Digital Information  
Detecting Errors  
Summary  
Chapter 7 The Local Area Network Arrives  
Introduction  
Motivation  
Inter hangeable Media  
A Computer Consists Of Cir uit Boards  
Circuit Boards Plug Into A Computer  
Connecting One Computer To Another  
LAN Technologies  
Connecting A Computer To A LAN  
The Importance Of LAN Technology  
Relationship To The Internet  
PART II A Brief History Of The Internet  
Chapter 8 Internet: The Early Years  
Many Independent Networks  
The Proliferation Of LANs  
Facts About LANs  
LANs Are Incompatible  
Wide Area Technologies Exist  
Few WANs, Many LANs  
WANs and LANs Are Incompatible  
The Desirability Of A Single Network  
The Department Of Defense Had Multiple Networks  
Connecting Disconnected Machines  
The Internet Emerges  
The ARPANET Backbone  
Internet Software  
The Name Is TCP/IP  
The Shock Of An Open System  
Open Systems Are Necessary  
TCP/IP Documentation Is Online  
The Military Adopts TCP/IP  
Summary  
A Personal Note  
Chapter 9 Two Decades Of Incredible Growthc  
Introduction  
Disseminating The Software  
Meanwhile, Back In Computer Science  
The Internet Meets UNIX  
The U.S. Military Makes A Commitment  
The Internet Doubles In Size In One Year  
Every Computer Science Department  
Graduate Students Volunteer Their Time  
The IAB evolves  
The IETF  
Doubling Again In A Year  
The Internet Improves Science  
NSF Takes A Leadership Role  
Target: All Of Science And Engineering  
NSF’s Approach  
The NSFNET Backbone  
The ANS Backbone  
Exponential Growth  
A Commercial Assessment  
The End Of Growth  
Chapter 10 The Global Internet  
Introduction  
Early ARPA Netwos  
Electroni Mail Amng Computers  
BITNET And FIDONET  
Networks In Europe  
EBONE: The Internet In Europe  
Ba kbones And Internet Hierarchy  
Internet On All Continents  
The World Of Internet after 1998  
A Personal Note  
Chapter 11 A Global Information Infrastructure  
Introduction  
Existing Infrastructure  
Communication Infrastructure  
The Internet Infrastructure  
The Internet Offers Diverse Information Services  
TCP/IP Provides Communication Facilities  
A Personal Note  
PART III How The Internet Works  
Chapter 12 Pa ket Switching  
Introduction  
Sharing Saves Money  
Sharing Introduces Delays  
Sharing Wires  
Sele table Channels  
Sharing By Taking Turns  
Packet Switching Avoids Delays  
Each Packet Must Be Labeled  
Computers Have Addresses  
Packets Are Not All The Same Size  
Packet Transmission Seems Instantaneous  
Sharing Is Automati  
Network Hardware Handles Sharing  
Many Devices Can Use Packet Switching  
Relevan e To The Internet  
Summary  
Chapter 13 Internet: A Network Of Networks  
Introdu tion  
Network Te hnologies Are In ompatible  
Coping With In ompatibility  
Two Fundamental Con epts  
Using A Computer To Inter onne t Networks  
Inter onne ting Computers Pass Pa kets  
Inter onne ting Computers Are Called Routers  
Routers Are The Building Blo ks Of The Internet  
The Internet In ludes Multiple Types Of Networks  
Routers Can Inter onne t WANs And LANs  
The Hierar hi al Stru ture Of The Internet  
Where Pa kets Travel  
Inter onne ting Networks Was Revolutionary  
Summary  
Chapter 14 ISPs: Broadband And Wireless A ess  
Introdu tion  
Internet Servi e Providers And Fees  
Customer Conne tions Form The Last Mile  
Leased Cir uits Are Expensive  
Dial-up A ess Is Inexpensive, But Slow  
Broadband Conne tions Offer High Speed  
The Important Con ept Of Continuous Conne tivity  
Instantaneous A ess Changes Use  
Modern Te hnologies Offer Inexpensive Dedi ated A ess  
Wireless A ess Is Available  
Wi-Fi And 3G Wireless Te hnologies  
A Personal Note  
Chapter 15 IP: Software To Create A Virtual Network  
Introduction  
Protocol: An Agreement For Communication  
Basi Functionality: The Internet Protocol  
IP Software On Every Machine  
Internet Packets Are Called Datagrams  
The Illusion Of A Giant Network  
The Internet’s Internal Structure  
Datagrams Travel In Pa kets  
Every Computer Is Assigned A Unique Address  
Internet Addresses  
An Odd IP Address Syntax  
IP Addresses Are Not Random  
A Trip Through An Example Internet  
How Fast Is Your Connection?  
Summary  
Chapter 16 TCP: Software For Reliable Communication  
Introduction  
A Packet Switching System Can Be Overrun  
TCP Helps IP Guarantee Delivery  
TCP Provides A Connection Between Computer Programs  
The Magi Of Recovering Lost Datagrams  
TCP Retransmission Is Automati  
TCP And IP Work Together  
Summary  
Chapter 17 Clients + Servers = Distributed Computing  
Introduction  
Large Computers Use Networks For Input And Output  
Small Computers Use Networks To Interact  
Distributed Computing On The Internet  
A Single Paradigm Explains All Distributed Computing  
Communicating Programs Are Clients Or Servers  
A Server Must Always Run  
Summary  
Chapter 18 Names For Computers  
Introduction  
People Prefer Names To Numbers  
Naming A Computer Can Be Challenging Or Fun  
Computer Names Must Be Unique  
Suffixes On Computer Names  
Names With Many Parts  
Domain Names Outside The US  
Translating A Name To An Equivalent IP Address  
Domain Name System Works Like Directory Assistance  
Computer Name Lookup Is Automati  
IP Addresses And Domain Names Are Unrelated  
Summary  
Chapter 19 NAT: Sharing An Internet Connection  
Introduction  
High Capacity And Multiple Computers  
It Is Possible To Share A Single IP Address  
A Device For Conne tion Sharing Is Called A NAT Box ..  
A NAT Box A ts Like A Miniature ISP  
NAT Changes The Address In Each Datagram  
Computer Software Can Perform The NAT Function  
NAT Can Use A Wireless Network  
Summary  
Chapter 20 Why The Internet Works Well  
Introdu tion  
The Internet Works Well  
IP Provides Flexibility  
TCP Provides Reliability  
TCP/IP Software Was Engineered For Effi ien y  
TCP/IP Research Emphasized Practical Results  
The Formula For Sucess  
Summary  
PART IV Servi es Available On The Internet  
Chapter 21 Ele troni Mail  
Introdu tion  
Des ription Of Fun tionality  
The Best Of All Worlds  
Ea h User Has A Mailbox For Email  
Sending An Email Message  
Notifi ation That Email Has Arrived  
Reading An Email Message  
A Browser Can Be Used To Send And Re eive Email  
Email Messages Look Like Interoffi e Memos  
Email Software Fills In Header Information  
How Email Works  
Using Email From A Personal Computer  
Mailbox Address Format  
Abbreviations Make Email Friendly  
Aliases Permit Arbitrary Abbreviations  
Aliases Shared By All Users Of A Computer System  
Sending To Multiple Recipients  
Mailing List: An Alias for Multiple Recipients  
Publi Mailing Lists And Mail Exploders  
Ex hanging Email With Non-Internet Sites  
Acess To Services Via Email  
Speed, Reliability, And Expectations  
Impact And Significance Of Electroni Mail  
A Convention For Joining A Mailing List  
Chapter 22 Bulletin Board Service (Newsgroups)  
Introduction  
Description Of Functionality  
Many Bulletin Boards With Diverse Topics  
Network News  
Categories  
Obtaining Network News And The Software To Read Articles  
How Network News Appears To A User  
Checking For News Articles  
Reading Network News  
Submission Of An Article  
Moderated Newsgroups  
Size Of Network News  
Impact And Significance Of Newsgroups And Mailing Lists  
Hints And Conventions For Participating In Discussions  
Summary  
Chapter 23 Browsing The World Wide Web  
Introduction  
Description Of Functionality  
Browsing Vs. Information Retrieval  
Early Browsing Services Used Menus  
A Menu Item Can Point To Another Computer  
How A Browser Works  
An Example Point-And-Click Interface  
Combining Menu Items With Text  
The Importance Of Integrated Links  
Embedded Links In Text Are Called Hypertext  
Multimedia  
Video And Audio References Can Be Embedded In Text  
The World Wide Web  
Browser Software Used To Acess The Web  
An Example Hypermedia Display  
Control Of A Browser  
External References  
Recording The Location Of Information  
Bookmarks Or Favorites  
How The World Wide Web Works  
A URL Tells A Browser Which Computer To Contact  
A URL Tells A Browser Which Server To Contact  
Use Of The Name www In URLs  
A Browser Provides Acess To Multiple Services  
Inside A Browser Program  
Summary  
An Observation About Hypermedia Browsing  
Chapter 24 World Wide Web Documents (HTML)  
Introduction  
Display Hardware Varies  
A Browser Translates And Displays A Web Document  
A Consequence Of The Web Approach  
HTML, The Language Used For Web Documents  
Instru tions In A Web Page Control The Output  
A Web Page Is Divided Into Two Main Sections  
Indentation Can Make HTML Readable  
The Body Of A Web Page Can Contain Text  
Indentation Can Make Paragraphs Easier To Find  
A Web Page Can Link To Another Page  
HTML Allows Numbered And Unnumbered Lists  
Images On A Web Page Are Digital  
HTML Allows A Web Page To Include An Image  
Text Can Appear Adjacent To An Image  
Images Can Link To Another Web Page  
Some Browsers Can Stretch Or Shrink Images  
The Background Can Be Controlled  
Other Features Of HTML  
Importan e Of HTML  
GUI Tools Help With Web Page Creation  
Summary  
Chapter 25 Advanced Web Technologies (Forms, Frames, Plugins, Java, JavaS ript, Flash)  
Introdu tion  
Conventional Web Pages Are Stati  
How A Server Stores Stati Web Pages  
Fetching Items One At A Time  
Conventional Web Pages Use The Entire Screen  
A Web Page Can Change Part Of the Screen  
The Web, Advertising, And Frames  
Pop-Ups And Pop-Up Blockers  
Stati Do uments Have Disadvantages  
Controlling How A Browser Processes Data  
Plugins Allow Variety  
A Server Can Compute A Web Page On Demand  
How Server-Side Scripting Works  
Professional Programmers Build Server Scripts  
Personalized Web Pages  
Personalized Advertisements  
Web Pages Can Interact  
Shopping Carts  
Cookies  
Should You Acept Cookies?  
A Web Page Can Display Simple Animations  
Active Documents Are More Powerful  
Java Is An Active Document Technology  
JavaScript Is An Active Do ument Te hnology  
Flash And Real Te hnologies  
The Importance Of Advanced Web Technologies  
Chapter 26 Group And Personal Web Pages (Wikis And Blogs)  
Introduction  
The Disadvantage Of A Bulletin Board System  
Shared Pages  
Shared Pages Are Called Wikis  
Sharing And Consensus Building  
The Disadvantage Of Wikis  
Wikipedia Is An Experiment  
Should You Trust Wikipedia?  
Publication Of A Personal Diary  
A Personal Note  
Chapter 27 Automated Web Search (Search Engines)  
Introdu tion  
Description Of Functionality  
Browsing Vs. Automated Searching  
A Search Engine Helps Users Get Started  
A Search Tool Can Help Re over From Loss  
How An Automated Search Service Operates  
Gathering Information In Advance  
Modern Systems Search Web Page Contents  
How A Web Search Appears To A User  
How A Search Engine Returns Results  
Automated Search Services Use String Matching  
The Advantages And Disadvantages Of String Matching  
Automated Search Programs That Use Multiple Keys  
Advanced Services Offer More Sophisticated Matching  
Personalized Search Results  
More Details About How Content Searching Works  
Searches Are Restricted  
Advertising Pays For Searching  
Examples Of Automated Search Services  
Significance Of Automated Web Search  
Chapter 28 Text, Audio, And Video Communication (IM, VoIP)  
Introduction  
Instant Messaging Provides Textual Communication  
Audio And Video Functionality  
Audio And Video Require Special Facilities  
An Audio Clip Resembles An Audio CD  
Real-Time Means No Delay  
Internet Audio In Real-Time  
Radio Programs On The Internet  
Real-Time Audio Transmission Is Called Webcasting  
Internet Telephone Service Is Possible  
Internet Telephone Service Is Known As VoIP  
Audio Tele onferencing  
A Cooperative Document Markup Service  
Marking A Document  
The Participants Discuss And Mark A Document  
Video Tele onferencing  
Video Tele onference Among Groups Of People  
A Combined Audio, Video, Whiteboard, And IM Service  
Summary  
A Personal Note  
Chapter 29 Faxes, File Transfer, And File Sharing (FTP)  
Introdu tion  
Sending A Fax  
The Internet Can Be Used To Copy Files  
Data Stored In Files  
Copying A File  
FTP Is Invoked From A Browser  
FTP Allows A User To View Directory Contents  
FTP Allows A User To Upload Files  
FTP Transfers Must Be Authorized  
How FTP Works  
Impact And Significance Of FTP  
Peer-To-Peer File Sharing  
Summary  
Chapter 30 Remote Login And Remote Desktops (TELNET)  
Introdu tion  
Early Computers Used Textual Interfaces  
A Timesharing System Requires User Identification  
Remote Login Resembles Conventional Login  
How Remote Login Works  
Es aping From Remote Login  
The Internet Remote Login Standard Is TELNET  
Remote Acess Can Display A Desktop  
How Remote Desktops Operate  
Assessment Of Remote Login And Desktops  
Generality Makes Remote Login And Desktops Powerful  
Remote Acess Acommodates Multiple Types Of Computers  
Unexpected Results From Remote Acess  
Summary  
Chapter 31 Facilities For Secure Communication  
Introduction  
The Internet Is Unse ure  
Lack Of Security Can Be Important  
Authentication And Privacy Are Primary Problems  
Data Can Be Changed  
Encoding Keeps Messages Private  
Computer Encryption Uses Mathematics  
No Network Is Absolutely Secure  
Encryption Makes Email Private  
Encryption Software Needs A Key  
Two Keys Means Never Having To Trust Anyone  
Secure Email In Practice  
Secure Wireless Networks  
Firewalls Protect Networks From Unwanted Packets  
A Firewall Filters Packets  
Firewalls Guard Against Trojan Horses  
Residential And Individual Firewalls  
Systems Exist To Detect Intrusion  
Service Can Be Denied  
Summary  
Chapter 32 Secure Acess From A Distance (VPNs)  
Introduction  
Organizations Grant Employees Special Privileges  
Traveling Employees Lose Privilege  
Telecommuters Do Not Have Privilege  
Dedicated Leased Cir uits Allow Secure Telecommuting  
Standard Internet Connections Are Low-Cost  
Can A Te hnology Combine Advantages?  
A Virtual Private Network Solves The Problem  
How A VPN Works  
The Illusion Of A Direct Connection  
Signifi an e Of VPNs  
Chapter 33 Internet E onomics And Electroni Commerce  
Introduction  
Who Pays For The Internet?  
E-commerce Is Big Business  
Security Te hnology Made E-commerce Possible  
Secure Sockets  
Publi Key En ryption Provides Authenticity  
Digital Signatures  
Certificates Contain Public Keys  
What Is Digital Money?  
Digital Cash Is Not Widely Available  
Business And E-commerce  
The Controversies Over Taxation And Net Neutrality  
Chapter 34 The Global Digital Library  
Introduction  
A Cornucopia Of Services  
New Services Appear Regularly  
Flexibility Permits Change  
A Digital Library  
Card Catalogs And Search Tools  
Internet Services Can Be Integrated  
Mr. Dewey, Where Are You?  
Information In The Digital Library  
What Is The Internet?  
Appendix 1 Glossary Of Internet Terms  
Index
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