书籍详情
知识表示：英文版
作者：（美）[索沃]John F.Sowa著
出版社：机械工业出版社
出版时间：2003-05-01
ISBN：9787111121497
定价：¥69.00
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内容简介
这本经典教材提供了知识表示方面广泛的知识，作为这一领域的公认权威著作，Sowa在介绍新思想的同时捕捉到这一学科的最新成就，并且将逻辑学、哲学、语言学和计算机科学结合到知识及其可计算形式转化的研究中。本书强调了作为人工智能、数据库设计和面向对象编程的各种技术和表示法基础的逻辑原理。因为这是一门交叉学科，所以书中还包含了大量的哲学和语言学的知识。每种新思想在第一次提到时都会给出定义，所有的形式体系都在正文中讲座或在附录中综述。 本书特点 ·示例用多种计算机语言（规则、框架、PROLOG、SQL、Java和CLIPS）说明，以便读者可以学习如何将理论概念应用到使用相应软件的现实环境中，不要求读者具有语言或系统方面的任何预备知识 ·逻辑过程以标准谓词演算表示法和更易读的概念图表示法介绍，这两种表示法在附录中作了概述·每个理论主题都用实际的例子说明，书中包括大量不同难度的习题，酒店预定系统是每章结尾一系列习题的基础 ·最后一章知识获取和知识共享阐述了理论如何用于集成知识库以及在异构系统间用于知识交换
作者简介
John F.Sowa于麻省理工学院获得数学学士学位。于哈佛大学获得应用数学硕士学位，于布鲁塞尔自由大学获得博士学位。他在IBM从事研究和项目开发工作30年，并有7年的教学和著书经验。在此期间，还为ANIS和ISO概念模型和知识分享方面的项目做出过贡献。他以其概念图理论而著名，是美国人工智能学会的会员，出版和编辑了多本人工智能方面的书籍，并发表了大量论文。
目录
Preface
CHAPTER ONE Logic
1.1 Historical Background
1.2 Representing Knowledge in Logic
1.3 Varieties of Logic
1.4 Names, Types, and Measures
1.5 Unity Amidst Diversity
CHAPTER TWO Ontology
2.1 Ontological Categories
2.2 Philosophical Background
2.3 Top-Level Categories
2.4 Describing Physical Entities
2.5 Defining Abstractions
2.6 Sets, Collections, Types, and Categories
2.7 Space and Time
CHAPTER THREE Knowledge Representations
3.1 Knowledge Engineering
3.2 Representing Structure in Frames
3.3 Rules and Data
3.4 Object-Oriented Systems
3.5 Natural Language Semantics
3.6 Levels of Representation
CHAPTER FOUR Processes
4.1 Times, Events, and Situations
4.2 Classification of Processes
4.3 Procedures, Processes, and Histories
4.4 Concurrent Processes
4.5 Computation
4.6 Constraint Satisfaction
4.7 Change
CHAPTER FIVE Purposes, Contexts, and Agents
5.1 Purpose
5.2 Syntax of Contexts
5.3 Semantics of Contexts
5.4 First-Order Reasoning in Contexts
5.5 Modal Reasoning in Contexts
5.6 Encapsulating Objects in Contexts
5.7 Agents
CHAPTER SIX Knowledge Soup
6.1 Vagueness, Uncertainty, Randomness, and Ignorance
6.2 Limitations of Logic
6.3 Fuzzy Logic
6.4 Nonmonotonic Logic
6.5 Theories, Models, and the World
6.6 Semiotics
CHAPTER SEVEN Knowledge Acquisition and Sharing
7.1 Sharing Ontologies
7.2 Conceptual Schema
7.3 Accommodating Multiple Paradigms
7.4 Relating Different Knowledge Representations
7.5 Language Patterns
7.6 Tools for Knowledge Acquisition
APPENDIX A Summary of Notations
A.1 Predicate Calculus
A.2 Conceptual Graphs
A.3 Knowledge Interchange Format
APPENDIX B Sample Ontology
B.1 Principles of Ontology
B.2 Top-Level Categories
B.3 Role and Relation Types
B.4 Thematic Roles
B.5 Placement of the Thematic Roles
APPENDIX C Extended Example
C.1 Hotel Reservation System
C.2 Library Database
C.3 ACE Vocabulary
C.4 Translating ACE to Logic Answers to Selected Exercises Bibliography
Name Index
Subject Index
Special Symbols
CHAPTER ONE Logic
1.1 Historical Background
1.2 Representing Knowledge in Logic
1.3 Varieties of Logic
1.4 Names, Types, and Measures
1.5 Unity Amidst Diversity
CHAPTER TWO Ontology
2.1 Ontological Categories
2.2 Philosophical Background
2.3 Top-Level Categories
2.4 Describing Physical Entities
2.5 Defining Abstractions
2.6 Sets, Collections, Types, and Categories
2.7 Space and Time
CHAPTER THREE Knowledge Representations
3.1 Knowledge Engineering
3.2 Representing Structure in Frames
3.3 Rules and Data
3.4 Object-Oriented Systems
3.5 Natural Language Semantics
3.6 Levels of Representation
CHAPTER FOUR Processes
4.1 Times, Events, and Situations
4.2 Classification of Processes
4.3 Procedures, Processes, and Histories
4.4 Concurrent Processes
4.5 Computation
4.6 Constraint Satisfaction
4.7 Change
CHAPTER FIVE Purposes, Contexts, and Agents
5.1 Purpose
5.2 Syntax of Contexts
5.3 Semantics of Contexts
5.4 First-Order Reasoning in Contexts
5.5 Modal Reasoning in Contexts
5.6 Encapsulating Objects in Contexts
5.7 Agents
CHAPTER SIX Knowledge Soup
6.1 Vagueness, Uncertainty, Randomness, and Ignorance
6.2 Limitations of Logic
6.3 Fuzzy Logic
6.4 Nonmonotonic Logic
6.5 Theories, Models, and the World
6.6 Semiotics
CHAPTER SEVEN Knowledge Acquisition and Sharing
7.1 Sharing Ontologies
7.2 Conceptual Schema
7.3 Accommodating Multiple Paradigms
7.4 Relating Different Knowledge Representations
7.5 Language Patterns
7.6 Tools for Knowledge Acquisition
APPENDIX A Summary of Notations
A.1 Predicate Calculus
A.2 Conceptual Graphs
A.3 Knowledge Interchange Format
APPENDIX B Sample Ontology
B.1 Principles of Ontology
B.2 Top-Level Categories
B.3 Role and Relation Types
B.4 Thematic Roles
B.5 Placement of the Thematic Roles
APPENDIX C Extended Example
C.1 Hotel Reservation System
C.2 Library Database
C.3 ACE Vocabulary
C.4 Translating ACE to Logic Answers to Selected Exercises Bibliography
Name Index
Subject Index
Special Symbols
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