历史语言学（英文）

　　'Larry Trask's introduction to historical linguisties is what I've been wanting for many years： an introductory undergraduate textbook which presents the latest developments in historical research in a clear， exciting， and straightforward way.'Dorothy Disterheft， University of South Carolina This book is an introduction to historical linguistics- the study of language change over time， written in an engaging style and illustrated with examples from a wide range of languages， the book covers the fundamental concepts of language change， methods for historical linguistics，linguistic reconstruction， sociolinguistic aspects of language change， language contact， the birth and death of languages， language and prehistory and the issue of very remote relations. The book is thoroughly up to date， and covers the most recent work on the study of phonological change in progress， on morphological and syntactic change， and on typological approaches to change， It also addresses such reccent controversies as the Nostratic hypothesis and the Greenberg/Cavalli-Sforza work on language， genes and teeth. A minimal knowledge of linguistic concepts is needed and the book is suitable for students approaching the subject for the first time. The exercises will be particularly useful to teachers and students alike. The approach is data-oriented throughout and students are encouraged to confront data， to spot patterns and to draw on their own knowledge of languages.

暂缺《历史语言学（英文）》作者简介

PrefacebyHalliday
王宗炎序
导读
Tothereader
Totheteacher
Acknowledgements
Abbreviations
Thefactoflanguagechange
1.1BorisBecket''sobservation
1.2Englishthenandnow
1.3Attitudestolanguagechange
1.4Theinevitabilityofchange
Furtherreading
Exercises
2Lexicalandsemanticchange
2.1Borrowing
2.2Phonologicaltreatmentofloans
2.3Morphologicaltreatmentofloans
2.4Formationofnewwords
2.5Changeinword-meaning
Furtherreading
Exercises
3PhonologicalchangeI:Changeinpronunciation
3.1Thephoneticbasisofphonologicalchange
3.2Assimilationanddissimilation
3.3Lenitionandfortition
3.4Additionandremovalofphoneticfeatures
3.5Vowelsandsyllablestructure
3.6Whole-segmentprocesses
3.7Theregularityissue:afirstlook
3.8Summary
Furtherreading
Exercises
4PhonologicalchangeII:Changeinphonologicalsystems
4.1Conditioningandrephonologization
4.2Phonologicalspace
4.3Chainshifts
4.4Phonologicalchangeasrulechange
4.5Summary
Furtherreading
Exercises
5Morphologicalchange
5.1Reanalysis
5.2Analogyandlevelling
5.3Universalprinciplesofanalogy
5.4Morphologization
5.5Morphologizationofphonologicalrules
5.6Changeinmorphologicaltype
Furtherreading
Exercises
6Syntacticchange
6.1Reanalysisofsurfacestructure
6.2Shiftofmarkedness
6.3Grammaticalization
6.4Typologicalharmony
6.5Casestudy:theriseofergativity
6.6.Syntacticchangeasrestructuringofgrammars
Furtherreading
Exercises
7Relatednessbetweenlanguages
7.1Theoriginofdialects
7.2Dialectgeography
7.3Geneticrelationships
7.4Treemodelandwavemodel
7.5Thelanguagefamiliesoftheworld
Furtherreading
Exercises
8Thecomparativemethod
8.1Systematiccorrespondences
8.2Comparativereconstruction
8.3Pitfallsandlimitations
8.4TheNeogrammarianHypothesis
8.5Semanticreconstruction
8.6Theuseoftypologyanduniversals
8.7Reconstructinggrammar
8.8Therealityofproto-languages
Furtherreading
Exercises
9Internalreconstruction
9.1Afirstlookattheinternalmethod
9.2Alternationsandinternalreconstruction
9.3Casestudy:thelaryngealtheoryofPIE
9.4Internalreconstructionofgrammarandlexicon
Furtherreading
Exercises
10Theoriginandpropagationofchange
10.1TheSaussureanparadox
10.2Variationandsocialstratification
10.3Variationasthevehicleofchange
10.4Lexicaldiffusion
10.5Near-mergers
10.6Aclosingnote
Furtherreading
Exercises
11Contactandthebirthanddeathoflanguages
11.1Languagecontact
11.2Linguisticareas
11.3Languagebirth:pidginsandcreoles
11.4Languagedeath
11.5Languageplanning
Furtherreading
Exercises
12Languageandprehistory
12.1Etymology
12.2Placenames
12.3Linguisticpalaeontology
12.4Linkswitharchaeology
12.5Statisticalmethods
Furtherreading
Exercises
13Veryremoterelations
13.1Themainstreamview
13.2Abriefhistoryofremoteproposals
13.3TheNostratichypothesis
13.4Greenberg''smultilateralcomparisons
13.5Towardsanevaluationofthemacro-families
13.6TowardsProto-World
13.7Theearlyspreadofpeopleandlanguages
13.8Worldwideloanwords
Furtherreading
Exercises
Appendix:TheSwadesh200-wordlist
References
Index
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