本书以系统表、关系表、分类表、树状图、层次图等直观形象的方式，分三篇，对系统解剖学、局部解剖学教材内容进行科学的总结和归纳。

吴孟超院士1922年出身于华侨家庭，在抗日战争时期的艰苦岁月里，受爱国救亡思想的影响，毅然从马来西亚回到祖国。1949年他从同济大学医学院后即投身我国军事医学科学事业，1956年加入中国共产党，从此热爱国家、热爱军队始终不渝，为我国医学事业真诚奉献至今。本书详细记录和回顾了吴孟超教授以及他所领导的东方肝胆外科医院1991～2001年中所做的大量工作和研究成果。这本论文选编不但展示了我国当代肝胆外科的水平，也反映了半个世纪以来我国肝胆外科发展的全过程。本书选编收集了吴孟超教授和由他指导下的同事和学生从1991～2001年10余年间在国内外刊物上发表的重要论文580多篇。

编辑推荐：为了使该畅销书更为读者所钟爱，改第四版麦克明彩色人体解剖谱（McMinn''''sColourAtlasofHumanAnatomy）的指导原则已重点突出了临床解剖学，主要包括增加内容，重新编排某些章节，选择删除次要的图表及正文。

This book is dedicated to the physicians，surgeons，and researchers who have commited their lives to the qurest for successful transplantion of the human heart;to the patients who have gained and lost their lives in pursuit of or after receiving the gift of transploantionp;to the organ donors and their families who have provided that gift;and to our families，who have provided unconditional love，tolerance，and support thrgughout this proiect.

PREFACE Six years have elapsed since publication of the first editions of Thoracic Surgery and Esophageal Surgery. In these second editions， all original chapters have been updatedand a significant number of new chapters added. Important additions include

半个多世纪以来，生物学、物理学、化学等科学技术迅猛发展，新型材料、新的诊疗设备、新的药物等不断涌现。与此同时，基础医学各个学科以及社会和环境学科也取得重大进展，因而极大地促进了临床外科学的深入发展。纵观外科学发展史，当外科实践与相关的基础医学学科相互结合时，临床外科就能向前推进。例如，对肺和肝脏等解剖生理学的深入研究，明确这些器官均可以叶（区）、段作为独立的功能结构单元，从而为临床外科在实践中达到彻底切除病变的同时又可保存正常组织奠定了基础；又如免疫学的研究促进了肿瘤外科和移植外科的发展，反过来，外科学的进展又对免疫学的研究提出了更多的要求，肝、肺、乳腺、胃肠癌基因的研究都是在临床外科进一步发展的情况下起步的。临床外科学与基础医学两者既交叉、渗透又相互促进，共同发展。两者的结合，将对不少外科疾病的病因、诊断、预防和治疗等方面发挥巨大的作用。我们在编写《现代外科学》的过程中就以这一认识作为编写的主导思想，并努力保持以下一些特色：第一，外科医师应尽力地掌握更多、更全面的理论知识，尤其是现代分子免疫学、细胞分子生物学等学科的新技术和新理论，从细胞和分子的层次去认识疾病的本质。为此，我们在《现代外科学》的外科基础部分安排了免疫学基础、肿瘤免疫、分子生物学等7章内容，希望对外科医师的进一步学习和加深理解有所裨益。第二，在总论部分加强了病理生理学等基础学科的内容，如在创伤、外科感染、休克和多器官功能衰竭等章节中以较大的篇幅阐述了这方面的有关内容。第三，生物医学工程的蓬勃兴起，大大充实了外科的诊治手段，各种新颖的影像学仪器的应用，不断提高了外科疾病的诊断水平，有的还改变了传统的治疗方法。我们在现代诊疗技术的章节中增加了近年来开展的数字减影血管造影（DSA）、介入放射治疗、射频热疗、正电子发射断层摄影（PET）等内容，并将内镜技术另立《内镜影像外科》一章，以帮助外科医师初步了解这方面的内容。总之，《现代外科学》保持了复旦大学上海医学院（原上海医科大学）现代医学系列图书的特点，即既有充实的基础理论知识介绍，又有总结自己实践的经验体会，并收集国内外近期医学信息，适合中、高级外科医务人员和研究生阅读参考。由于编著者的水平有限，难免还存在不足之处，将在以后的修订中加以改进。

The new millennium and right on schedule comes the fourth edition of Diagnosis of Bone and Joint orders. This， then， is the third time I have revised this text sinceits initial publication in 1981， more than 2 decades ago.Each time I have begun work on a new edition， I be-lieved incorrectly that my job would be easier because，I thought， how much information could possibly havebeen introduced in the 5 or 6 years that had elapsedsince the previous edition？ And each time， without ex-ception， I have been surprised by the progress that hasoccurred with regard to the further understanding andimproved diagnostic assessment of the many diseasesthat affect the musculoskeletal system. So now， 7 years after the publication of the third edition， the fourthedition is offered as clear evidence that much has beenlearned， new concepts have emerged， and "old facts"have been modified or eliminated altogether.　I am often asked at the time of publication of a newedition precisely how much of the material is appearingfor the first time. This is a difficult question to answerquantitatively. My educated guess is that 30 per cent ofthe information is new or has been modified significantlyfrom that contained in the third edition， that the number of references has been expanded by 25 to 35 per cent （with emphasis given to pertinent recent publications）， and that new illustrations represent 25 to 30 per cent of the total number appearing in this edition. With regard to the illustrative material， the new figures underscore the increasing importance of MR imaging as a vehicle for investigation of these diseases.

本书系统阐述了重建泌尿外科手术的相关理论和基本技术，详细介绍了肾脏、输尿管、膀胱、尿道、男性生殖器等各种重建手术，包括每种手术的适应证、术前准备、麻醉与体位、手术方法、术中注意事项和手术并发症防治等。

《局部层次解剖学图谱》是中、西医学生进入临床时具有重要参考价值的图书。它分上肢部、胸部、腹部、会阴和盆部、下肢部、背部、脊柱和脊髓、颈和头部等七部分，共用层次分明的线条图379幅，详尽地向读者介绍了人体的解剖结构层次。内容具有相当的深度，且图中的解剖名词均采用中英对照形式附于书后，便于学习参考。本书适用于中、西医学院校医学生及临床各科医师学习参考。

The new millennium and right on schedule comes thefourth edition of Diagnosis of Bone and Joint orders.This， then， is the third time I have revised this text sinceits initial publication in 1981， more than 2 decades ago.Each time I have begun work on a new edition， I be-lieved incorrectly that my job would be easier because，I thought， how much information could possibly havebeen introduced in the 5 or 6 years that had elapsedsince the previous edition？ And each time， without ex-ception， I have been surprised by the progress that hasoccurred with regard to the further understanding andimproved diagnostic assessment of the many diseasesthat affect the musculoskeletal system. So now， 7 yearsafter the publication of the third edition， the fourthedition is offered as clear evidence that much has beenlearned， new concepts have emerged， and "old facts"have been modified or eliminated altogether. I am often asked at the time of publication of a newedition precisely how much of the material is appearingfor the first time. This is a difficult question to answerquantitatively. My educated guess is that 30 per cent ofthe information is new or has been modified significantlyfrom that contained in the third edition， that the number of references has been expanded by 25 to 35 per cent （with emphasis given to pertinent recent publications）， and that new illustrations represent 25 to 30 per cent of the total number appearing in this edition. With regard to the illustrative material， the new figures underscore the increasing importance of MR imaging as a vehicle for investigation of these diseases.The size of the fourth edition does not differ signifi- cantly from that of the last edition， although the number of volumes has been decreased by one. （You will note that each is somewhat heavier than in the past！） To be certain that this multivolume book did not become too large， I consulted extensively with the following changes.