建筑环境人体热适应规律与调节机理（英文版）

　　建筑环境人体热适应研究旨在满足人员健康舒适需求，同时降低采暖空调能耗。本书基于我国居民的热适应规律，发现人体热适应动态规律及其方向性特征，提出“需求因子”来定量反映这种特征规律。通过人工气候室实验和现场实测相结合的方法，揭示了生理习服和心理适应的基本规律及其作用效果。基于PMV经典传热模型和热适应理论框架，构建了可刻画行为调节、生理习服、心理适应和物理改善作用效果的适应性热平衡理论模型。

　　罗茂辉（1989），男，湖南省醴陵市人，美国加州大学伯克利分校博士后，2017年7月毕业清华大学建筑学院，博士，读博期间发表SCI论文10余篇，获清华大学学术新秀、清华大学优秀博士论文称号，现主要从事建筑科学领域的教育研究工作。

1 Introduction 1
1.1 Background 1
1.1.1 Practical Values of Thermal Comfort Research 2
1.1.2 Challenges in Adaptive Thermal Comfort 2
1.1.3 New Progress in Adaptive Thermal Comfort Research 5
1.2 Literature Review 6
1.2.1 Thermal Comfort Introduction 7
1.2.2 Heat Balance Comfort Models 8
1.2.3 Adaptive Thermal Comfort 14
1.2.4 Summary and Comment 22
1.3 Research Design 23
1.3.1 Content and Technical Route 23
1.3.2 Thesis Framework 24
References 24
2 Indoor Climate Experience and Thermal Comfort
Expectation in Buildings 31
2.1 Background 31
2.1.1 Air-Conditioning and Indoor Thermal Environment 31
2.1.2 Thermal Comfort Expectation 32
2.1.3 Objectives of This Study 33
2.2 Method 34
2.2.1 Wintertime Indoor Temperatures in China 34
2.2.2 Subject Groups 35
2.2.3 Survey Design 36
2.2.4 Data Analysis 38
2.3 Results 39
2.3.1 Indoor Thermal History and Thermal Adaptation 39
2.3.2 Dynamic Changes in Thermal Adaptation 42
2.3.3   Dynamic Changes of Humidity Adaptation  47
2.3.4   Overall Acceptability   50
2.4   Discussion  53
2.4.1   The Asymmetry of Thermal Adaptation  53
2.4.2   Practical Implication  54
2.4.3   Limitations and Future Challenges  55
2.5   Conclusion  55
References  55
3 The Timescale of Thermal Comfort Adaptation in Heated and Unheated Buildings  59
3.1   Background 59 
3.1.1   Dynamic Characteristics of Thermal Comfort Adaptation   59
3.1.2   Objectives of This Chapter  61
3.2   Method   61
3.2.1   Field Study Design   61
3.2.2   Physical Parameters Measurement 63
3.2.3   Subjective Questionnaire   65
3.2.4   Data Processing  65
3.3   Results   67
3.3.1   Measured Indoor Thermal Parameter  67
3.3.2   Subjective Comfort Perception  71
3.3.3   Thermal Perceptions of Each Subgroup  72
3.4   Discussion  74
3.4.1   Dynamics of Thermal Adaptation to Cold Environment  74
3.4.2   Practical Implication    75
3.4.3   Limitations and Future Challenges   78
3.5   Conclusions   78
References  79
4 Indoor Climate and Physiological Acclimation  81
4.1   Statement of the Problem  81
4.1.1   Indoor Climate and Physiological Adaptation    81
4.1.2   Objectives of This Chapter  82
4.2   Method   82
4.2.1   Overall Experimental Plan  82
4.2.2   Subjects Information    82
4.2.3   Experimental Protocol  83
4.2.4   Physiological Measurements  85
4.2.5   Subjective Questionnaire   87
4.3 Representative Physiological Parameters 88
4.3.1 Basic Characteristics of Physiological Response 88
4.3.2 Selecting Representative Physiological Parameters 90
4.3.3 Physiological Acclimation to Cold Exposure 93
4.4 Long-Term Physiological Acclimation 96
4.4.1 Experiment Supplement 96
4.4.2 Basic Characteristics of Physiological Acclimation 97
4.4.3 The Time-Scale of Physiological Acclimation 100
4.4.4 Weighting Factors of Physiological Acclimation 102
4.5 Short-Term Physiological Regulation 104
4.5.1 Experiment Supplement 105
4.5.2 Metabolic Rate Changes and Its Description 107
4.6 Conclusions 109
References 110
5 Personal Control and Its Phycological Effects on Thermal Adaptation 111
5.1 Background 111
5.1.1 Personal Control of Indoor Thermal Environment 111
5.1.2 The Missing Linkage Between Personal Control and Thermal Comfort 112
5.1.3 Objectives of This Chapter 112
5.2 Personal Control and Thermal Comfort Improvement 113
5.2.1 Field Investigation Design 113
5.2.2 Indoor Thermal Environment Comparison 114
5.2.3 Thermal Comfort Comparison 115
5.2.4 Adaptive Behaviors 116
5.3 The Missing Linkage Between Personal Control and Thermal Comfort 120
5.3.1 Experiment Design 120
5.3.2 The Psychological Effect of Personal Control 122
5.3.3 The Physical Effect of Persona Control 127
5.4 Conclusions 129
References 130
6 Adaptive Heating Balance Comfort Model 131
6.1 Background 131
6.1.1 Method Overview 132
6.2 Adaptive Heat Balance Comfort Model Development 133
6.2.1 Behavior Adjustment and It’s Model Embodiment   133
6.2.2 Physiological Acclimation and It’s Model Embodiment    134
6.2.3 Psychological Effects and It’s Model Embodiment 136
6.2.4 Physical Environment Improvement and It’s Model Embodiment 137
6.2.5 Effects of Demand Factor 138
6.2.6 Application of Adaptive Heat Balance Comfort Model     139 
6.3   Conclusions 141
References 143
7 Summary 145
References 147
Appendix A: Online Survey for Indoor Thermal Comfort 149
Appendix B: Field Investigation Questionnaire
on Thermal Comfort 153
Appendix C: Questionnaire for Physiological Test 157
Appendix D: Questionnaire for Psychological Test 159