作为第二语言的普通化学

　　Even though General Chemistry may be challenging at times; with hard work and the right study tools， you can still get the grade you want. With David Klein's General Chemistry as a Second Language， you'll be able to better understand fundamental principles of chemistry， solve problems， and focus on what you need to know to succeed.　Here's how you can get a better grade in General Chemistry：　Understand the basic concepts： General Chemistry as a Second Language focuses on selected topics in General Chemistry to give you a solid foundation. By understanding these principles， you'll have a coherent framework that will help you better understand your course.　Study more efficiently and effectively： General Chemistry as a Second Language provides time-saving study tips and problem-solving strategies that will help you succeed in the course. Improve your problem-solving skills： General Chemistry as a Second Language will help you develop the skills you need to solve a variety of problem types - even unfamiliar ones！

　　David Klein is a lecturer at Johns Hopkins University where he teaches Organic and General Chemistry. He is a dynamic and creative teacher and uses analogy to help students grasp difficult topics. Klein’s unique informal voice and manner of presentation

CHAPTER 1 NUMBERS AND UNITS
1.1. Significant Figures
1.2. Orders of Magnitude
1.3. Units
1.4. Converting Units Using the Factor-Label Method
1.5. Using More Than One Conversion Factor
1.6. Special Conversion Factors
CHAPTER 2 COUNTING ATOMS AND MOLECULES
2.1. Empirical and Molecular Formulas
2.2. Molecules and Moles
2.3. Atomic Mass
2.4. Molar Mass
2.5. Molar Mass as a Conversion Factor: Interconverting Moles and Mass
2.6. Using Molar Mass as a Conversion Factor Two Times in One Problem
2.7. Combining Conversion Factors
2.8. Mass Percent and Elemental Analysis
CHAPTER 3 BALANCING REACTIONS AND STOICHIOMETRY
3.1. Conservation of Mass: Counting Atoms on Both Sides of a Reaction
3.2. Rules and Tools for Balancing Reactions
3.3. Information to Ignore When Balancing Reactions
3.4. Limiting Reagents
3.5. Limiting Reagent Problems Can Be Solved in a Single Calculation
3.6. Theoretical and Actual Yields
CHAPTER 4 THE IDEAL GAS LAW
4.1. Unit Conversions for the Ideal Gas Law
4.2. Simple Calculations Using the Ideal Gas Law
4.3. Using Special Conversion Factors
4.4. Extensive and Intensive Properties
4.5. Molar Mass as a Bridge
4.6. Combined Gas Law: Calculations Involving a Change of Conditions
4.7. Ideal Gas Law and Stoichiometry Problems
4.8. Ideal Gas Law and Limiting Reagents
CHAPTER 5 ENERGY AND ENTHALPY
5.1. Energy
5.2. Energy Transfer: Work and Heat
5.3. State Functions and Pathways
5.4. What is Enthalpy?
5.5. Hess's Law
5.6. Enthalpy of Formation
CHAPTER 6 ORBITALS, BONDS, AND COUNTING ELECTRONS
6.1. Atomic Orbitals
6.2. Molecular Orbitals
6.3. Electronegativity, Induction, and Polarity
6.4. Covalent and Ionic Bonds (H-Bonds)
6.5. Formal Charges and Oxidation States
6.6. Calculating Oxidation States from a Molecular Formula
6.7. An Introduction to Red-ox Reactions
CHAPTER 7 DRAWING LEWIS STRUCTURES
7.1. A Deeper Understanding of the Octet Rule
7.2. Lewis Dot Diagrams of Binary Compounds
7.3. Selecting the Central Atom in Compounds
7.4. Determining the Skeleton
7.5. Placing the Electrons
7.6. Elements That Violate the Octet Rule
7.7. Resonance Structures
CHAPTER 8 MOLECULAR GEOMETRY AND HYBRIDIZATION STATES
8.1. Orbitals and Their Geometry
8.2. Electron Domains
8.3. Predicting Molecular Geometry
8.4. Predicting Molecular Shape in Compounds with Double or Triple Bonds
8.5. Bond Angles
8.6. Hybridization States
CHAPTER 9 EXPONENTS AND LOGARITHMS
9.1. Dealing with Exponents
9.2. What Are Logarithms?
9.3. What Are Natural Logs?
9.4. Significant Figures in Logarithms
9.5. Manipulating Logarithms
Appendix
Answers
Index