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This volume of the Encyclopaedia contains two contributions．In the first Yu.V.Egorov gives an accomnt of microlocal analysis as a tool for investigating partial differemial equations．This 113ethod has become increasingly important in the theory．of Hamiltonian systems in recent years．The second survey written by V.Ya．1vrii treats linear hyperbolic equations and systems．The author states necessary and sufficiient conditions for C∞-and L2-well-posedness and he studies the analogous pmhlem in the comext ofGevrey classes．He also describes，the latest results in，the theory of mixed problems for hyperbolic operators and concludes with a list of unsolved problems．Both parts coyer recent research in two important fields，which before was scattered in numerous joumals．The book will hence be of immense value to graduate students and researchers in partial differential equationS and theoretical physics。

本书是全国高等农林院校“十一五”规划教材。主要内容有：随机事件及其概率、随机变量及其分布、随机变量的数字特征、极限定理、统计推断、方差分析、回归分析等。本书取材广泛，内容丰富，吸纳了管理、经济、生物统计中的实例，突出了应用数学能力的培养，体现了数学建模思想，有一定的广度和深度。本书章后配有适量习题及综合练习题，其题型包括判断题、填空题、计算题、证明题，以巩固所学内容。一些章节设置了选。读选讲内容，保持了内容的连续性和完整性，供教师根据教学要求取舍和报考研究生者选读。书后附有习题参考答案。全书结构严谨，叙述详细，通俗易学，可作为高等院校农、林、牧、生物、经济、财会等专业的教科书，也可以作为统计工作者的参考书。

由特里·J.沃特沙姆、基思•帕拉莫尔撰写的《金融数量方法》一书系统、详细地介绍了大量在金融领域中使用的重要的数量分析技术，覆盖面很广，其中包括了组合投资、资产定价、随机优化和风险管理等常用的方法和技术。作者通过大量的实例展示了这些技术的使用方法。书中的部分内容还反映了金融领域中一些新的研究成果和前沿的发展。本书共分11章，由浅入深，从基础知识逐步引导到风险管理分析中的较复杂技术。这比较适合于那些急需理解数量分析技术，而又缺乏足够能力的读者。全书涵盖面广，对于已经掌握了一定的数量分析技术，但需要了解现代金融技术的读者来说也有很好的参考作用。本书可用作高等院校数量经济学、金融学、财务管理等专业的本科高年级学生、研究生和MBA的相关课程的教学参考书，也可供银行、证券、保险等金融从业人员学习参考。

Prompted by recent developments in inverse theory， Inverse Problem Theory and Methods for Model Parameter Estimation is a completely rewritten version of a 1987 book by the same author. In this version there are many algorithmic details for Monte Carlo methods， least- squares discrete problems， and least-squares problems involving functions. In addition， some notions are clarified， the role of optimization techniques is underplayed， and Monte Carlo methods are taken much more seriously. The first part of the book deals exclusively with discrete inverse problems with afinite number of parameters， while the second part of the book deals with general inverse problems.The book is directed to all scientists， including applied mathematicians， facing the problem of quantitative interpretation of experimental data in fields such as physics， chemistry， biology， image processing， and information sciences. Considerable effort has been made so that this book can serve either as a reference manual for researchers or as a textbook in a course for undergraduate or graduate students.Prompted by recent developments in inverse theory， Inverse Problem Theory and Methods for Model Parameter Estimation is a completely rewritten version of a 1987 book by the same author. In this version there are many algorithmic details for Monte Carlo methods， leastsquares discrete problems， and least-squares problems involving functions. In addition， some notions are clarified， the role of optimization techniques is underplayed， and Monte Carlo methods are taken much more seriously. The first part of the book deals exclusively with discrete inverse problems with afinite number of parameters， while the second part of the book deals with general inverse problems.

《偏微分方程基本理论》系统介绍了二阶线性椭圆型方程、抛物型方程和双曲型方程以及一阶偏微分方程的基本理论。第1-4章介绍古典解，第5-7章介绍弱解。《偏微分方程基本理论》的特点是循序渐进，强调基础理论的同时，注重具体应用。书中内容深入浅出，文字通俗易懂，并配有适量难易兼顾的习题。《偏微分方程基本理论》可作为偏微分方程、动力系统、泛函分析、计算数学、控制论及相关理工科方向研究生的教材和教学参考书，亦可作为数学、工程等领域的青年教师和科研人员的参考书。

本书是在一系列讲演的基础上扩展而成的，扼要介绍了离散几何领域中的一些著名问题和研究方向，如Borsuk猜想，Hadwiger猜想，Kepler猜想，Minkowski猜想，堆积密度，堆积中的深洞，覆盖密度等。本书着重突出思想背景，力求直观，具有大学数学专业修养的人都能看懂。

《拓扑学导论》主要介绍点集拓扑学的基本知识。第1～7章介绍拓扑空间及其基本概念，分离性公理与可数性公理，紧空间与广义紧空间，和空间、积空间与商空间，拓扑空间的连通性以及完备度量空间的基本理论；第8章介绍基本群的概念以及基本群的计算方法；第9，10章主要介绍作者近年来在用覆盖刻画的拓扑空间上的部分研究结果。《拓扑学导论》可作为高等院校高年级本科生和研究生的拓扑学入门教材，也可作为一般拓扑学爱好者进入覆盖性质与遗传覆盖性质等方面研究的基础性教材。

The theory of surfaces in Euclidean spaces is remarkably rich in deep results and applications.This volume of the Encyclopaedia is concerned mainly with the connection between the theory of embedded surfaces and Riemannian geometry and with the geometry of surfaces as influenced by intrinsic metrics.

Since the early work of Gauss and Riemann， differential geometry has grown into a vast network of ideas and approaches， encompassing local considerations such as differential invariants and jets as well as global ideas， such as Morse theory and characteristic classes. In this volume of the Encyclopaedia， the authors give a tour of the principal areas and methods of modern differential geometry. The book is structured so that the reader may choose parts of the text to read and still take away a completed picture of some area of differential geometry Beginning at the introductory level with curves in Euclidean space， the sections become more challenging， arriving finally at the advanced topics which form the greatest part of the book：transformation groups， the geometry of differential equations，geometric structures， the equivalence problem the geometry of elliptic operators， G-structures and contact geometry. As an overview of the major current methods of differential geometry， EMS 28 is a map of these different ideas which explains the interesting points at every stop. The authors' intention is that the reader should gain a new understanding of geometry from the process of reading this survey.