书籍详情
Effective Java（第3版 英文版）
作者：（美）Joshua Bloch（约书亚·布洛克）
出版社：电子工业出版社
出版时间：2018-06-01
ISBN：9787121342608
定价：¥99.00
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内容简介
自从Java 6发布之后，Java又有了翻天覆地的变化。本书涵盖了Java 7、Java 8和Java 9中语言和库的各种新特性。让你能够深入了解Java平台的细微之处。通过对每一个项目的全面描述和解释，告诉你应该做什么、不应该做什么，以及为什么要这样做。
作者简介
Bloch是Java 集合框架创办人，领导了很多 Java 平台特性的设计和实现，包括 JDK 5.0 语言增强以及屡获殊荣的 Java 集合框架。2004年6月他离开了SUN公司并成为 Google 的首席 Java 架构师。此外他还因为《Effective Java》一书获得著名的 Jolt 大奖。 Bloch是Java 集合框架创办人，领导了很多 Java 平台特性的设计和实现，包括 JDK 5.0 语言增强以及屡获殊荣的 Java 集合框架。2004年6月他离开了SUN公司并成为 Google 的首席 Java 架构师。此外他还因为《Effective Java》一书获得著名的 Jolt 大奖。
目录
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2 Creating and Destroying Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Item 1: Consider static factory methods instead of constructors . . . 5
Item 2: Consider a builder when faced with many constructor parameters . .. . . . . . . . 10
Item 3: Enforce the singleton property with a private constructor or an enum type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Item 4: Enforce noninstantiability with a private constructor . . . . 19
Item 5: Prefer dependency injection to hardwiring resources . . . . 20
Item 6: Avoid creating unnecessary objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Item 7: Eliminate obsolete object references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Item 8: Avoid finalizers and cleaners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Item 9: Prefer try-with-resources to try-finally. . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3 Methods Common to All Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Item 10: Obey the general contract when overriding equals . . . . . 37
Item 11: Always override hashCode when you override equals . . 50
Item 12: Always override toString . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Item 13: Override clone judiciously . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Item 14: Consider implementing Comparable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
4 Classes and Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Item 15: Minimize the accessibility of classes and members . . . . . 73
Item 16: In public classes, use accessor methods, not public fields 78
Item 17: Minimize mutability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Item 18: Favor composition over inheritance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Item 19: Design and document for inheritance or else prohibit it 93
Item 20: Prefer interfaces to abstract classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Item 21: Design interfaces for posterity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Item 22: Use interfaces only to define types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Item 23: Prefer class hierarchies to tagged classes . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Item 24: Favor static member classes over nonstatic . . . . . . . . . . 112
Item 25: Limit source files to a single top-level class . . . . . . . . . 115
5 Generics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Item 26: Don’t use raw types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Item 27: Eliminate unchecked warnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Item 28: Prefer lists to arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Item 29: Favor generic types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Item 30: Favor generic methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Item 31: Use bounded wildcards to increase API flexibility . . . . 139
Item 32: Combine generics and varargs judiciously. . . . . . . . . . . 146
Item 33: Consider typesafe heterogeneous containers . . . . . . . . . 151
6 Enums and Annotations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Item 34: Use enums instead of int constants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Item 35: Use instance fields instead of ordinals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Item 36: Use EnumSet instead of bit fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Item 37: Use EnumMap instead of ordinal indexing. . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Item 38: Emulate extensible enums with interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . 176
Item 39: Prefer annotations to naming patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
Item 40: Consistently use the Override annotation. . . . . . . . . . . 188
Item 41: Use marker interfaces to define types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
7 Lambdas and Streams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Item 42: Prefer lambdas to anonymous classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Item 43: Prefer method references to lambdas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
Item 44: Favor the use of standard functional interfaces . . . . . . . 199
Item 45: Use streams judiciously . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Item 46: Prefer side-effect-free functions in streams . . . . . . . . . . 210
Item 47: Prefer Collection to Stream as a return type. . . . . . . . . . 216
Item 48: Use caution when making streams parallel . . . . . . . . . . 222
8 Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
Item 49: Check parameters for validity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
Item 50: Make defensive copies when needed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
Item 51: Design method signatures carefully . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
Item 52: Use overloading judiciously . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Item 53: Use varargs judiciously . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
Item 54: Return empty collections or arrays, not nulls . . . . . . . . . 247
Item 55: Return optionals judiciously . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
Item 56: Write doc comments for all exposed API elements . . . . 254
9 General Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
Item 57: Minimize the scope of local variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
Item 58: Prefer for-each loops to traditional for loops . . . . . . . . . 264
Item 59: Know and use the libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Item 60: Avoid float and double if exact answers are required . 270
Item 61: Prefer primitive types to boxed primitives . . . . . . . . . . . 273
Item 62: Avoid strings where other types are more appropriate . . 276
Item 63: Beware the performance of string concatenation . . . . . . 279
Item 64: Refer to objects by their interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280
Item 65: Prefer interfaces to reflection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282
Item 66: Use native methods judiciously. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
Item 67: Optimize judiciously . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286
Item 68: Adhere to generally accepted naming conventions . . . . . 289
10 Exceptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293
Item 69: Use exceptions only for exceptional conditions . . . . . . . 293
Item 70: Use checked exceptions for recoverable conditions and runtime exceptions for programming errors . . 296
Item 71: Avoid unnecessary use of checked exceptions . . . . . . . . 298
Item 72: Favor the use of standard exceptions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
Item 73: Throw exceptions appropriate to the abstraction. . . . . . . 302
Item 74: Document all exceptions thrown by each method. . . . . . 304
Item 75: Include failure-capture information in detail messages. . 306
Item 76: Strive for failure atomicity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308
Item 77: Don’t ignore exceptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310
11 Concurrency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311
Item 78: Synchronize access to shared mutable data . . . . . . . . . . 311
Item 79: Avoid excessive synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
Item 80: Prefer executors, tasks, and streams to threads . . . . . . . 323
Item 81: Prefer concurrency utilities to wait and notify . . . . . . 325
Item 82: Document thread safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330
Item 83: Use lazy initialization judiciously . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333
Item 84: Don’t depend on the thread scheduler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336
12 Serialization
2 Creating and Destroying Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Item 1: Consider static factory methods instead of constructors . . . 5
Item 2: Consider a builder when faced with many constructor parameters . .. . . . . . . . 10
Item 3: Enforce the singleton property with a private constructor or an enum type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Item 4: Enforce noninstantiability with a private constructor . . . . 19
Item 5: Prefer dependency injection to hardwiring resources . . . . 20
Item 6: Avoid creating unnecessary objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Item 7: Eliminate obsolete object references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Item 8: Avoid finalizers and cleaners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Item 9: Prefer try-with-resources to try-finally. . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3 Methods Common to All Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Item 10: Obey the general contract when overriding equals . . . . . 37
Item 11: Always override hashCode when you override equals . . 50
Item 12: Always override toString . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Item 13: Override clone judiciously . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Item 14: Consider implementing Comparable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
4 Classes and Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Item 15: Minimize the accessibility of classes and members . . . . . 73
Item 16: In public classes, use accessor methods, not public fields 78
Item 17: Minimize mutability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Item 18: Favor composition over inheritance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Item 19: Design and document for inheritance or else prohibit it 93
Item 20: Prefer interfaces to abstract classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Item 21: Design interfaces for posterity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Item 22: Use interfaces only to define types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Item 23: Prefer class hierarchies to tagged classes . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Item 24: Favor static member classes over nonstatic . . . . . . . . . . 112
Item 25: Limit source files to a single top-level class . . . . . . . . . 115
5 Generics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Item 26: Don’t use raw types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Item 27: Eliminate unchecked warnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Item 28: Prefer lists to arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Item 29: Favor generic types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Item 30: Favor generic methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Item 31: Use bounded wildcards to increase API flexibility . . . . 139
Item 32: Combine generics and varargs judiciously. . . . . . . . . . . 146
Item 33: Consider typesafe heterogeneous containers . . . . . . . . . 151
6 Enums and Annotations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Item 34: Use enums instead of int constants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Item 35: Use instance fields instead of ordinals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Item 36: Use EnumSet instead of bit fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Item 37: Use EnumMap instead of ordinal indexing. . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Item 38: Emulate extensible enums with interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . 176
Item 39: Prefer annotations to naming patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
Item 40: Consistently use the Override annotation. . . . . . . . . . . 188
Item 41: Use marker interfaces to define types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
7 Lambdas and Streams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Item 42: Prefer lambdas to anonymous classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Item 43: Prefer method references to lambdas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
Item 44: Favor the use of standard functional interfaces . . . . . . . 199
Item 45: Use streams judiciously . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Item 46: Prefer side-effect-free functions in streams . . . . . . . . . . 210
Item 47: Prefer Collection to Stream as a return type. . . . . . . . . . 216
Item 48: Use caution when making streams parallel . . . . . . . . . . 222
8 Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
Item 49: Check parameters for validity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
Item 50: Make defensive copies when needed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
Item 51: Design method signatures carefully . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
Item 52: Use overloading judiciously . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Item 53: Use varargs judiciously . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
Item 54: Return empty collections or arrays, not nulls . . . . . . . . . 247
Item 55: Return optionals judiciously . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
Item 56: Write doc comments for all exposed API elements . . . . 254
9 General Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
Item 57: Minimize the scope of local variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
Item 58: Prefer for-each loops to traditional for loops . . . . . . . . . 264
Item 59: Know and use the libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Item 60: Avoid float and double if exact answers are required . 270
Item 61: Prefer primitive types to boxed primitives . . . . . . . . . . . 273
Item 62: Avoid strings where other types are more appropriate . . 276
Item 63: Beware the performance of string concatenation . . . . . . 279
Item 64: Refer to objects by their interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280
Item 65: Prefer interfaces to reflection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282
Item 66: Use native methods judiciously. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
Item 67: Optimize judiciously . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286
Item 68: Adhere to generally accepted naming conventions . . . . . 289
10 Exceptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293
Item 69: Use exceptions only for exceptional conditions . . . . . . . 293
Item 70: Use checked exceptions for recoverable conditions and runtime exceptions for programming errors . . 296
Item 71: Avoid unnecessary use of checked exceptions . . . . . . . . 298
Item 72: Favor the use of standard exceptions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
Item 73: Throw exceptions appropriate to the abstraction. . . . . . . 302
Item 74: Document all exceptions thrown by each method. . . . . . 304
Item 75: Include failure-capture information in detail messages. . 306
Item 76: Strive for failure atomicity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308
Item 77: Don’t ignore exceptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310
11 Concurrency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311
Item 78: Synchronize access to shared mutable data . . . . . . . . . . 311
Item 79: Avoid excessive synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
Item 80: Prefer executors, tasks, and streams to threads . . . . . . . 323
Item 81: Prefer concurrency utilities to wait and notify . . . . . . 325
Item 82: Document thread safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330
Item 83: Use lazy initialization judiciously . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333
Item 84: Don’t depend on the thread scheduler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336
12 Serialization
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