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泡利物理学讲义:量子力学的普遍原理
作者:〔美〕沃尔夫冈·泡利(Wolfgang Pauli) 著
出版社:世界图书出版公司
出版时间:2020-05-01
ISBN:9787519267865
定价:¥53.00
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内容简介
此书是世界图书出版公司出版的9卷本“泡利物理学讲义”中的第8卷,主题为量子力学的普遍原理。沃尔夫冈·泡利是20世纪卓越的理论物理学家,1945年诺贝尔物理学奖得主,他在原子物理学和量子力学领域做出了重要贡献,发现了“泡利不相容原理”,建立了“中微子”假说,提出了二分量波函数的概念和著名的泡利自旋矩阵,并在量子场论、固体物理等领域都做了很多杰出的工作。泡利去世后,他晚年的助手查尔斯·恩斯教授编辑修订了他生前在苏黎世联邦理工学院的授课讲义的英文版,分6卷,分别为《电动力学》《光学和电子论》《热力学和气体分子运动论》《统计力学》《波动力学》和《场量子化选讲》,英文版由The MIT Press出版。泡利年轻的时候还写过两篇重要的长达数百页的综述长文《相对论》和《量子力学的普遍原理》,直至今日仍是相对论与量子力学领域重要的经典文献。1921年,泡利为德国的《数学科学百科全书》撰写了关于相对论的长篇综述文章,爱因斯坦阅读后评价道:“任何该领域的专家都不会相信,该文出自一个年仅21岁的青年人之手,作者在文中显示出来的对这个领域的理解力、熟练的数学推导能力、对物理深刻的洞察力、使问题明晰的能力、系统的表述、对语言的把握、对该问题的完整处理及对其评价,使任何一个人都会感到羡慕。”1933年,泡利又为德国的《物理百科全书》撰写了关于量子力学的长篇综述文章,很快也成为经典。这两篇综述长文后来都以单行本的方式独立出版。在泡利生命的最后一年,他又对两书进行了全面修订,英文版分别由Pergamon Press和Springer-Verlag再次出版。我们将这两本书作为“泡利物理学讲义”的第7卷和第8卷一起出版。1994年,Springer-Verlag又出版了同样由泡利晚年助手查尔斯·恩斯教授编辑的《泡利物理哲学文集》,此书包含了泡利撰写的关于空间、时间与因果性、对称、泡利不相容原理和中微子等的21篇重在阐述科学思想与哲学的文章和演讲稿。我们将此书作为“泡利物理学讲义”的第9卷。这套“泡利物理学讲义”对高等院校的学生与研究人员深刻理解物理原理会有极大的帮助。
作者简介
沃尔夫冈·泡利(Wolfgang E. Pauli),美籍奥地利科学家、物理学家,1945年诺贝尔物理学奖得主。1900年4月25日生于奥地利维也纳,毕业于慕尼黑大学,1958年12月15日,在瑞士苏黎世逝世,享年58岁。泡利在原子物理学和量子力学领域做出了重要贡献,发现了“泡利不相容原理”,建立了“中微子”假说,提出了二分量波函数的概念和著名的泡利自旋矩阵,并在量子场论、固体物理等领域都做了很多杰出的工作。
目录
Pauli and the Development of Quantum Theory. By Charles P. Enz
Foreword. By S. Flügge
Translator's Preface
Part 1. The Uncertainty Principle and Complementarity
1. The Uncertainty Principle and Complementarity
2. The Measurement of Position and Momentum
Part 2. Schrödinger Equation and Operator Calculus
3. The Wave Function of Free Particles
4. The Wave Function of a Particle Acted on by Forces
5. Many-Particle Interactions - Operator Calculus
Part 3. Stationary States and the Eigenvalue Problem
6. Stationary States as Eigenvalue Problem
Part 4. Matrix Mechanics
7. General Transformations of Operators and Matrices
8. The General Form of the Laws of Motion
Part 5. Theory of Measurements
9. Determination of the Stationary States of a System through Measurement: General Discussion of the Concept of Measurement
Part 6. Approximation Methods
10. The General Formalism of Perturbation Theory
11. Adiabatic and Sudden Perturbations
12. The W K B Approximation
Part 7. Identical Particles, Spin and Exclusion Principle
13. Hamiltonian Functions with Transformation Groups. Angular Momentum and Spin
14. The Behaviour of Eigenfunctions of Many Identical Particles Under Permutation. The Exclusion Principle
Part 8. Semiclassical Theory of Radiation
15. Treatment of the Radiation Processes Based on the Correspondence Principle
16. Application of the Semiclassical Theory to the Coherence Properties of Radiation
Part 9. The Relativistic One-Particle Problem
17. Introduction
18. Dirac's Wave Equation for the Electron. Free Particle Case
19. Relativistic Invariance
20. The Behaviour of Wave-Packets in the Free Particle Case
21. The Wave Equation when Forces are Present
22. Approximations of the Dirac Theory: The Non-Relativistic Quantum Mechanics of Spin as First Approximation
23. Approximations of the Dirac Theory: Limiting Transition to the Classical, Relativistic Particle Mechanics
24. Transitions to States of Negative Energy. Limitations of the Dirac Theory
Part 10. Quantum Electrodynamics
25. Quantization of the Free Radiation Field
26. Interaction Between Radiation and Matter
27. Self-Energy of the Electron. Limits of the Present Theory
Bibliography
Index
Foreword. By S. Flügge
Translator's Preface
Part 1. The Uncertainty Principle and Complementarity
1. The Uncertainty Principle and Complementarity
2. The Measurement of Position and Momentum
Part 2. Schrödinger Equation and Operator Calculus
3. The Wave Function of Free Particles
4. The Wave Function of a Particle Acted on by Forces
5. Many-Particle Interactions - Operator Calculus
Part 3. Stationary States and the Eigenvalue Problem
6. Stationary States as Eigenvalue Problem
Part 4. Matrix Mechanics
7. General Transformations of Operators and Matrices
8. The General Form of the Laws of Motion
Part 5. Theory of Measurements
9. Determination of the Stationary States of a System through Measurement: General Discussion of the Concept of Measurement
Part 6. Approximation Methods
10. The General Formalism of Perturbation Theory
11. Adiabatic and Sudden Perturbations
12. The W K B Approximation
Part 7. Identical Particles, Spin and Exclusion Principle
13. Hamiltonian Functions with Transformation Groups. Angular Momentum and Spin
14. The Behaviour of Eigenfunctions of Many Identical Particles Under Permutation. The Exclusion Principle
Part 8. Semiclassical Theory of Radiation
15. Treatment of the Radiation Processes Based on the Correspondence Principle
16. Application of the Semiclassical Theory to the Coherence Properties of Radiation
Part 9. The Relativistic One-Particle Problem
17. Introduction
18. Dirac's Wave Equation for the Electron. Free Particle Case
19. Relativistic Invariance
20. The Behaviour of Wave-Packets in the Free Particle Case
21. The Wave Equation when Forces are Present
22. Approximations of the Dirac Theory: The Non-Relativistic Quantum Mechanics of Spin as First Approximation
23. Approximations of the Dirac Theory: Limiting Transition to the Classical, Relativistic Particle Mechanics
24. Transitions to States of Negative Energy. Limitations of the Dirac Theory
Part 10. Quantum Electrodynamics
25. Quantization of the Free Radiation Field
26. Interaction Between Radiation and Matter
27. Self-Energy of the Electron. Limits of the Present Theory
Bibliography
Index
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