UNIX系统编程：通信、并发与线程（英文版）

作者：[美] Kay A. Robbins（凯罗-宾斯），Steve，Robbins（史蒂夫??罗宾斯）著；[美] Kay，A.，Robbins（凯罗-宾斯）译

出版社：电子工业出版社

出版时间：2017-03-01

ISBN：9787121308536

定价：¥198.00

　　本书是一本基于*新UNIX 标准的完备的参考书，对UNIX 编程的要点进行了清晰易懂的介绍，从一些用于说明如何使用系统调用的短小代码段开始，逐渐过渡到能帮助读者扩展自己技能水平的实际项目中。书中对通信、并发和线程问题进行了深入探讨，对复杂的概念，例如信号和并发，进行了全面且清晰的解释。本书还覆盖了与文件、信号、信号量、POSIX 线程和客户机―服务器通信相关的内容。书中不仅提供了大量实例和练习，还专门设计了有针对性的项目并给出了参考答案。

　　无（影印版无译者……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………） Kay A. Robbins ， Steve Robbins （凯罗？？宾斯，史蒂夫？？罗宾斯）拥有麻省理工学院博士学位，就任于德州大学圣安东尼奥分校计算机学院。

Contents
I Fundamentals 1
1 Technology’s Impact on Programs 3
1．1 TerminologyofChange ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 4
1．2 Time andSpeed ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 5
1．3 Multiprogramming and Time Sharing ．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 7
1．4 Concurrency at the Applications Level ．．．．．．．．．．．．． 9
1．5 Security and Fault Tolerance ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 13
1．6 Buffer Overflows for Breaking and Entering ．．．．．．．．．． 14
1．7 UNIXStandards ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 18
1．8 AdditionalReading ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 20
2 Programs， Processes and Threads 21
2．1 How a Program Becomes a Process ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 22
2．2 Threads andThreadofExecution ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 23
2．3 Layout of a Program Image ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 24
2．4 LibraryFunctionCalls ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 26
2．5 Function Return Values and Errors ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 29
2．6 ArgumentArrays ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 31
2．7 Thread-SafeFunctions ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 38
2．8 UseofStaticVariables ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 40
2．9 StructureofStaticObjects ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 42
2．10 Process Environment ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 48
2．11 Process Termination ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 51
2．12 Exercise： An env Utility ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 54
2．13 Exercise： Message Logging ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 55
2．14 AdditionalReading ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 56
3 Processes in UNIX 59
3．1 Process Identification ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 60
3．2 ProcessState ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 61
3．3 UNIX Process Creation and fork ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 64
3．4 The wait Function ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 71
3．5 The exec Function ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 78
3．6 Background Processes and Daemons ．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 84
3．7 Critical Sections ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 86
3．8 Exercise： Process Chains ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 87
3．9 Exercise： Process Fans ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 88
3．10 AdditionalReading ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 89
4 UNIX I/O 91
4．1 DeviceTerminology ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 92
4．2 Reading and Writing ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 92
4．3 OpeningandClosingFiles ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 102
4．4 The select Function ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 107
4．5 The pollFunction ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 116
4．6 File Representation ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 119
4．7 Filters and Redirection ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 128
4．8 FileControl ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 132
4．9 Exercise： Atomic Logging ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 135
4．10 Exercise： A cat Utility ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 141
4．11 AdditionalReading ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 143
5 Files and Directories 145
5．1 UNIXFileSystemNavigation ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 146
5．2 Directory Access ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 152
5．3 UNIX File System Implementation ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 158
5．4 Hard Links and Symbolic Links ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 162
5．5 Exercise： The which Command ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 173
5．6 Exercise： Biffing ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 174
5．7 Exercise： News biff ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 177
5．8 Exercise： Traversing Directories ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 179
5．9 AdditionalReading ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 181
6 UNIX Special Files 183
6．1 Pipes ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 184
6．2 Pipelines ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 188
6．3 FIFOs ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 192
6．4 Pipes and the Client-Server Model ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 196
6．5 TerminalControl ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 203
6．6 AudioDevice ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 214
6．7 Exercise：Audio ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 219
6．8 Exercise： Barriers ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 221
6．9 Exercise： The stty Command ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 223
6．10 Exercise： Client-Server Revisited ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 223
6．11 AdditionalReading ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 223
7 Project： The Token Ring 225
7．1 RingTopology ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 226
7．2 RingFormation ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 227
7．3 RingExploration ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 234
7．4 SimpleCommunication ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 236
7．5 MutualExclusionwithTokens ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 237
7．6 MutualExclusionbyVoting ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 238
7．7 Leader Election on an Anonymous Ring ．．．．．．．．．．．． 239
7．8 TokenRingforCommunication ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 241
7．9 Pipelined Preprocessor ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 243
7．10 Parallel Ring Algorithms ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 246
7．11 FlexibleRing ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 250
7．12 AdditionalReading ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 251
II Asynchronous Events 253
8 Signals 255
8．1 BasicSignalConcepts ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 256
8．2 GeneratingSignals ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 256
8．3 Manipulating Signal Masks and Signal Sets ．．．．．．．．．． 261
8．4 Catching and Ignoring Signals―sigaction ．．．．．．．．． 267
8．5 Waiting for Signals―pause， sigsuspend and sigwait 273
8．6 Handling Signals： Errors and Async-signal Safety ．．．．．．． 283
8．7 Program Control with siglongjmp and sigsetjmp ．．． 286
8．8 Programming with Asynchronous I/O ．．．．．．．．．．．．． 288
8．9 Exercise：DumpingStatistics ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 299
8．10 Exercise： Spooling a Slow Device ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 299
8．11 AdditionalReading ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 300
9 Times and Timers 301
9．1 POSIXTimes ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 302
9．2 SleepFunctions ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 314
9．3 POSIX：XSI IntervalTimers ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 315
9．4 Realtime Signals ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 320
9．5 POSIX：TMRIntervalTimers ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 324
9．6 Timer Drift， Overruns and Absolute Time ．．．．．．．．．．． 329
9．7 AdditionalReading ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 339
10 Project： Virtual Timers 341
10．1 ProjectOverview ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 342
10．2 SimpleTimers ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 344
10．3 Setting One of Five Single Timers ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 347
10．4 Using Multiple Timers ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 357
10．5 A Robust Implementation of Multiple Timers ．．．．．．．．． 363
10．6 POSIX：TMRTimer Implementation ．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 367
10．7 mycron， a Small Cron Facility ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 367
10．8 AdditionalReading ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 368
11 Project： Cracking Shells 369
11．1 BuildingaSimpleShell ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 370
11．2 Redirection ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 374
11．3 Pipelines ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 376
11．4 Signal Handling in the Foreground ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 380
11．5 Process Groups， Sessions and Controlling Terminals ．．．．．． 386
11．6 Background Processes in ush ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 391
11．7 JobControl ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 398
11．8 Job Control for ush ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 402
11．9 AdditionalReading ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 405
III Concurrency 407
12 POSIX Threads 409
12．1 A Motivating Problem： Monitoring File Descriptors ．．．．．． 410
12．2 Use of Threads to Monitor Multiple File Descriptors ．．．．．． 411
12．3 ThreadManagement ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 415
12．4 ThreadSafety ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 431
12．5 User Threads versus Kernel Threads ．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 433
12．6 Thread Attributes ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 436
12．7 Exercise： ParallelFileCopy ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 443
12．8 AdditionalReading ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 444
13 Thread Synchronization 447
13．1 POSIX Synchronization Functions ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 448
13．2 MutexLocks ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 448
13．3 At-Most-Once and At-Least-Once-Execution ．．．．．．．．． 461
13．4 Condition Variables ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 465
13．5 Signal Handling and Threads ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 473
13．6 Readers and Writers ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 478
13．7 A strerror_r Implementation ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 483
13．8 Deadlocks and Other Pesky Problems ．．．．．．．．．．．．． 483
13．9 Exercise： Multiple Barriers ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 485
13．10 AdditionalReading ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 486
14 Critical Sections and Semaphores 487
14．1 Dealing with Critical Sections ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 488
14．2 Semaphores ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 491
14．3 POSIX：SEM Unnamed Semaphores ．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 494
14．4 POSIX：SEM Semaphore Operations ．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 496
14．5 POSIX：SEM Named Semaphores ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 502
14．6 Exercise： LicenseManager ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 507
14．7 AdditionalReading ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 509
15 POSIX IPC 511
15．1 POSIX：XSI Interprocess Communication ．．．．．．．．．．． 512
15．2 POSIX：XSI Semaphore Sets ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 514
15．3 POSIX：XSISharedMemory ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 525
15．4 POSIX：XSI Message Queues ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 535
15．5 Exercise： POSIX Unnamed Semaphores ．．．．．．．．．．．． 542
15．6 Exercise： POSIX Named Semaphores ．．．．．．．．．．．．． 543
15．7 Exercise： Implementing Pipes with Shared Memory ．．．．．． 544
15．8 Exercise： Implementing Pipes with Message Queues ．．．．． 547
15．9 AdditionalReading ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 548
16 Project： Producer Consumer Synchronization 549
16．1 The Producer-Consumer Problem ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 550
16．2 Bounded Buffer Protected by Mutex Locks ．．．．．．．．．．． 551
16．3 Buffer Implementation with Semaphores ．．．．．．．．．．．． 555
16．4 Introduction to a Simple Producer-Consumer Problem ．．．．． 560
16．5 Bounded Buffer Implementation Using Condition Variables ．． 564
16．6 Buffers with Done Conditions ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 565
16．7 ParallelFileCopy ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 573
16．8 ThreadedPrintServer ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 575
16．9 AdditionalReading ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 580
17 Project： The Not Too Parallel Virtual Machine 581
17．1 PVM History， Terminology， and Architecture ．．．．．．．．． 582
17．2 The Not Too Parallel Virtual Machine ．．．．．．．．．．．．． 584
17．3 NTPVMProjectOverview ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 585
17．4 I/OandTestingofDispatcher ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 591
17．5 Single Task with No Input ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 600
17．6 SequentialTasks ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 601
17．7 ConcurrentTasks ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 604
17．8 Packet Communication， Broadcast and Barriers ．．．．．．．． 605
17．9 TerminationandSignals ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 605
17．10 Ordered Message Delivery ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 606
17．11 AdditionalReading ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 606
IV Communication 607
18 Connection-Oriented Communication 609
18．1 TheClient-ServerModel ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 610
18．2 CommunicationChannels ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 610
18．3 Connection-Oriented Server Strategies ．．．．．．．．．．．．． 614
18．4 Universal Internet Communication Interface (UICI) ．．．．．． 618
18．5 UICI Implementations of Different Server Strategies ．．．．．． 621
18．6 UICIClients ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 624
18．7 Socket ImplementationofUICI ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 629
18．8 Host Names and IP Addresses ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 641
18．9 Thread-SafeUICI ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 649
18．10 Exercise： PingServer ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 652
18．11 Exercise： Transmission of Audio ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 653
18．12 AdditionalReading ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 655
19 Project： WWWRedirection 657
19．1 TheWorldWideWeb ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 658
19．2 Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) ．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 658
19．3 HTTPPrimer ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 660
19．4 WebCommunicationPatterns ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 665
19．5 Pass-through Monitoring of Single Connections ．．．．．．．． 672
19．6 Tunnel Server Implementation ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 674
19．7 ServerDriver forTesting ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 675
19．8 HTTPHeaderParsing ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 676
19．9 SimpleProxyServer ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 679
19．10 ProxyMonitor ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 680
19．11 ProxyCache ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 683
19．12 Gateways asPortals ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 684
19．13 GatewayforLoadBalancing ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 685
19．14 Postmortem ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 686
19．15 AdditionalReading ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 690
20 Connectionless Communication and Multicast 691
20．1 Introduction to Connectionless Communication ．．．．．．．． 692
20．2 Simplified Interface for Connectionless Communication ．．．． 693
20．3 Simple-RequestProtocols ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 697
20．4 Request-ReplyProtocols ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 702
20．5 Request-Reply with Timeouts and Retries ．．．．．．．．．．． 708
20．6 Request-Reply-Acknowledge Protocols ．．．．．．．．．．．． 714
20．7 ImplementationofUICIUDP ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 715
20．8 ComparisonofUDPandTCP ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 724
20．9 Multicast ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 725
20．10 Exercise：UDPPortServer ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 729
20．11 Exercise： StatelessFileServer ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 730
20．12 AdditionalReading ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 732
21 Project： Internet Radio 733
21．1 ProjectOverview ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 734
21．2 AudioDeviceSimulation ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 735
21．3 UDP Implementation with One Program and One Receiver ．． 735
21．4 UDP Implementation with Multiple Programs and Receivers ． 746
21．5 UDP Implementation of Radio Broadcasts ．．．．．．．．．．． 747
21．6 Multicast Implementation of Radio Broadcasts ．．．．．．．．． 750
21．7 TCPImplementationDifferences ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 750
21．8 Receiving Streaming Audio Through a Browser ．．．．．．．． 755
21．9 AdditionalReading ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 759
22 Project： Server Performance 761
22．1 ServerPerformanceCosts ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 762
22．2 ServerArchitectures ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 762
22．3 ProjectOverview ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 767
22．4 Single-ClientDriver ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 767
22．5 Multiple-Client Driver ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 771
22．6 Thread-per-request and Process-per-request Implementations ． 774
22．7 Thread-worker-pool Strategy ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 774
22．8 Thread-worker Pool with Bounded Buffer ．．．．．．．．．．． 775
22．9 Process-worker Pool ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 775
22．10 InfluenceofDiskI/O ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 776
22．11 PerformanceStudies ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 780
22．12 Report Writing ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 790
22．13 AdditionalReading ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 792