古法今观 食疗本草

　　《食疗本草》是我国现存较早的食疗专著，也是世界上现存较早的食疗专著，后世多有引用，是一部研究食疗和营养学的重要文献。它与《黄帝内经》《伤寒杂病论》《千金要方》《本草纲目》等一样，都是中华医学典籍中的瑰宝。它集古代食疗之大成，与现代营养学的原理相一致，在我国和世界医学的发展中有深远影响。明代大医学家李时珍在撰写《本草纲目》时，也大量引用了《食疗本草》的原文。这说明《食疗本草》成书后，对唐末、宋代、明代乃至清代的众多医家都产生了重要而深远的影响。迄今为止，它也是研究食疗、饮食养生的必不可少的一部著作。我们要注意的是，文中认为有药用价值的植物、动物及其海产品，有些并不代表有医疗奇效，而是因为古代缺医少药，只能用其替代；有些其药用效果值得商榷，可能是因为随着自然环境的变化，或者是因为人体的抵抗力加强了，让它们失去了应有的药用功效；还有些其药用效果需要进一步科学确认。另外，文中涉及很多保护动物，有的已经濒临灭绝，国家明令禁止捕杀、交易。对于已经被广泛认同的药用价值，人们已经研究出相应的替代品，有的药用效果甚至超出了动物本身。希望读者认识到这点，杜绝捕杀保护动物违法事件的发生。如今，随着大众生活水平的提高，人们在饮食上也非常注重养生。另外，很多疾病就是由于生活方式不当尤其是饮食不当引起的。所以，人们注意到要挖掘中医的养生方法，尤其是饮食养生方法以及食疗方法，开始关注饮食与健康的关系。从这点来说，《食疗本草》具有非常积极的现实意义。

　　孟诜（公元621年—公元713年），唐代汝州梁县新丰乡子平里人（今河南省汝州市陵头镇孟庄村），著名学者、医学家、饮食家，其著作《食疗本草》集古代食疗之大成，与现代营养学相统一，为我国和世界医学的发展作出了巨大的贡献。孟诜被誉为世界食疗学的鼻祖。庄展鑫，毕业于澳门科技大学（中医专业），后攻读安徽中医药大学硕士研究生（方剂学专业），在《内蒙古中医药杂志》发表论文“《医林改错》现代研究概况”；在《中医药临床杂志》发表“方向明验方平喘宁治疗冷哮机制阐释”。现工作于深圳市中医院针灸科，临床经验丰富。拥有国家中医执业医师、国家执业药师考试证书。

卷上........................................................019
盐...........................................................019
石燕.........................................................020
黄精.........................................................021
甘菊.........................................................022
天门冬.......................................................023
地黄.........................................................024
薯蓣（山药）.................................................025
白蒿.........................................................026
决明子.......................................................027
生姜.........................................................028
苍耳.........................................................030
葛根.........................................................031
栝楼.........................................................032
燕覆子（通草）...............................................033
百合.........................................................034
艾叶.........................................................036
蓟菜（小蓟）.................................................037
恶食（牛蒡）.................................................038
海藻.........................................................039
昆布.........................................................040
紫菜.........................................................041
船底苔.......................................................042
干苔.........................................................043
小茴香.......................................................044
荠苊.........................................................045
蒟酱.........................................................045
青蒿.........................................................046
菌子.........................................................047
牵牛子.......................................................048
野菠菜.......................................................049
菰菜、茭首...................................................049
萹竹.........................................................051
甘蕉.........................................................052
蛇莓.........................................................053
苦芺.........................................................054
槐实.........................................................054
枸杞.........................................................055
榆荚.........................................................057
酸枣.........................................................058
木耳.........................................................058
桑...........................................................059
竹...........................................................060
吴茱萸.......................................................062
槟榔.........................................................064
栀子.........................................................065
芜荑.........................................................065
茗...........................................................067
蜀椒.........................................................068
蔓椒.........................................................069
椿...........................................................070
樗...........................................................071
郁李人.......................................................072
胡椒.........................................................072
橡实.........................................................073
鼠李.........................................................074
枳...........................................................074
榧子.........................................................076
藕...........................................................077
莲子.........................................................078
橘...........................................................081
柚...........................................................082
橙...........................................................083
干枣.........................................................083
软枣.........................................................086
蒲桃.........................................................086
栗子.........................................................088
覆盆子.......................................................090
芰实.........................................................091
鸡头子.......................................................092
梅实.........................................................093
木瓜.........................................................094
楂子.........................................................096
柿...........................................................097
芋...........................................................098
茑茨.........................................................099
茨菰.........................................................100
枇杷.........................................................100
荔枝.........................................................101
柑子.........................................................102
甘蔗.........................................................103
石蜜.........................................................103
沙糖.........................................................104
桃人.........................................................106
樱桃.........................................................107
杏...........................................................109
石榴.........................................................110
梨...........................................................112
林檎.........................................................114
李子.........................................................114
羊梅.........................................................115
胡桃.........................................................116
猕猴桃.......................................................118
柰（苹果）...................................................119
橄棪（橄榄）.................................................120
卷中.........................................................121
麝香.........................................................121
熊...........................................................122
牛...........................................................124
牛乳.........................................................126
羊...........................................................126
羊乳.........................................................129
酥...........................................................130
酪...........................................................131
醍醐.........................................................132
乳腐.........................................................132
马...........................................................133
鹿...........................................................135
黄明胶（白胶）...............................................137
犀角.........................................................138
羚羊.........................................................140
虎...........................................................141
兔...........................................................142
狸...........................................................144
獐...........................................................145
豹...........................................................146
猪（豚）.....................................................147
麋...........................................................148
驴...........................................................149
狐...........................................................151
獭...........................................................152
獾...........................................................154
野猪.........................................................154
豺...........................................................156
鸡...........................................................156
鹅...........................................................160
野鸭、鸭.....................................................161
鹧鸪.........................................................163
雁...........................................................164
雀...........................................................164
山鸡、野鸡（雉）.............................................166
鹑...........................................................167
鸱...........................................................168
鸲鹆肉（八哥）...............................................168
慈鸦.........................................................169
鸳鸯.........................................................170
蜜...........................................................171
牡蛎.........................................................172
龟甲.........................................................173
魁蛤.........................................................174
鳢鱼（蠡鱼）.................................................175
鲇鱼.........................................................176
鲫鱼.........................................................176
鳝鱼（黄鳝）.................................................178
鲤鱼.........................................................179
鲟鱼.........................................................181
猬...........................................................182
鳖...........................................................184
蟹...........................................................185
乌贼鱼.......................................................186
鳗鲡鱼.......................................................187
鼍（ 鱼）...................................................189
鼋...........................................................189
鲛鱼.........................................................190
白鱼.........................................................191
鳜鱼.........................................................192
青鱼.........................................................193
石首鱼（黄花鱼）.............................................194
嘉鱼.........................................................195
鲈鱼.........................................................195
鲎...........................................................196
时鱼（鲥鱼）..................................................197
黄赖鱼（黄颡鱼）.............................................197
比目鱼.......................................................198
鲚鱼.........................................................199
河豚.........................................................199
鯮鱼.........................................................200
黄鱼.........................................................201
鲂鱼.........................................................201
牡鼠（鼠）...................................................202
蚌（蚌蛤）...................................................203
车螯.........................................................203
蚶...........................................................204
蛏...........................................................205
淡菜.........................................................206
虾...........................................................207
蚺蛇.........................................................208
蛇蜕皮.......................................................209
蝮蛇.........................................................210
田螺.........................................................211
海月.........................................................212
卷下..........................................................213
胡麻.........................................................213
白油麻.......................................................214
蓖麻（麻子）.................................................215
饴糖.........................................................217
大豆.........................................................217
薏苡仁.......................................................220
赤小豆.......................................................221
青小豆.......................................................223
酒...........................................................224
粟米.........................................................226
秫米.........................................................227
穬麦.........................................................228
粳米.........................................................229
青粱米.......................................................231
白粱米.......................................................232
黍米.........................................................232
稷...........................................................234
小麦.........................................................234
大麦.........................................................236
曲...........................................................238
荞麦.........................................................239
藊豆（扁豆）.................................................240
豉...........................................................241
绿豆.........................................................243
白豆.........................................................243
醋（酢酒）...................................................244
糯米.........................................................246
酱...........................................................247
葵（冬葵）...................................................248
苋（苋菜）...................................................249
胡荽.........................................................251
邪蒿.........................................................252
同蒿.........................................................253
罗勒.........................................................254
石胡荽.......................................................255
蔓菁（芜菁）.................................................255
冬瓜.........................................................257
濮瓜.........................................................258
甜瓜.........................................................259
胡瓜.........................................................260
越瓜.........................................................263
芥...........................................................264
萝卜.........................................................265
菘菜.........................................................266
荏子.........................................................268
龙葵.........................................................269
苜蓿.........................................................269
荠...........................................................270
蕨...........................................................271
翘摇（小巢菜）...............................................272
蓼子（蓼实）.................................................273
葱...........................................................274
韭...........................................................275
薤...........................................................277
荆芥（假苏）.................................................278
菾菜.........................................................279
紫苏.........................................................280
鸡苏（水苏）.................................................280
香葇（香薷）.................................................281
薄荷.........................................................282
秦荻梨.......................................................282
瓠子.........................................................283
大蒜（葫）...................................................284
小蒜（蒜）...................................................285
胡葱.........................................................286
莼菜.........................................................287
水芹.........................................................288
马齿苋.......................................................290
落苏（茄子）.................................................291
蘩蒌.........................................................292
白苣.........................................................293
落葵.........................................................294
堇菜.........................................................295
蕺菜（鱼腥草）...............................................297
马芹子.......................................................297
芸薹（油菜）.................................................298
雍菜.........................................................299
菠菜.........................................................300
苦荬.........................................................301
鹿角菜.......................................................302
莙荙.........................................................303
附余.........................................................304