什么是工科推理（第2版）

　　《什么是工科推理（第2版）》是“思想者指南系列丛书”当中的一本，属于该系列下的“大众篇”，供广大读者阅读使用。《什么是工科推理（第2版）》主要通过讲解工科思维的构成、标准、逻辑、方法，并以常见的工科学科为例进行说明，来帮助读者提升工作思维。

　　Richard Paul：思辨研究专家，国际思辨研究运动主要负责人，已发表200余篇与思辨研究相关的论文、出版5部论述思辨研究的著作。Robert Niewoehner：美国人，退伍海军军官。其对思辨能力的兴趣和研究始于为工程师适应当今技术型团队而做准备。Linda Elder：教育心理学专家、思辨研究专家，在美国多所大学任教，主要教授课程为教育心理学、思辨能力培养；思辨研究协会会长、思辨中心执行主任。

Foreword...............................................................vii
Introduction...............................................................1
A Framework for Engineering
Reasoning...............................................................2
Intellectual Traits Essential to Engineering Reasoning.............................................5
To Analyze Thinking, We Must Learn to Identify and Question Its
Elemental Structures...............................................................9
A Checklist for Engineering Reasoning
.............................................................10
The Spirit of Critical Thinking...............................................................12
Analyzing an Engineering Document ...............................................................13
Analyzing a Design Using the Elements of Thought ................................................15
Two Kinds of Engineering Questions...............................................................17
Analyzing Disciplines: Aerospace
Engineering.........................................................19
Analyzing Disciplines: Electrical Engineering..........................................21
Analyzing Disciplines: Mechanical
Engineering........................................................23
Analyzing Engineering Tools: Modeling and Simulation.............................................25
Skilled Engineers Consentingly Adhere to Intellectual Standards...............................27
Universal Intellectual Standards Essential to Sound Engineering Reasoning.......................32
Using Intellectual Standards to Assess Design Features ..................................... 33
Using Intellectual Standards to Assess Graphics ............................................34
Evaluating an Engineer’s or Author’s Reasoning
...................................................37
Analyzing & Assessing Engineerin