新托福写作真经4

　　本书主要包括两部分内容：第一部分：收录了24套新托福写作试题。每套试题都包括综合写作和独立写作两个部分。综合写作提供了阅读材料和听力讲座的笔记要点、精彩转述以及实用范文。另外，文章的笔记后面还罗列了本篇文章中的重点词汇和短语，供学生在提高写作能力的同时，增加词汇储备。独立写作部分，书中收录了24个热门话题。每个话题下面提供了赞成、反对双方的要点提示和文章框架，并针对双方观点分别给出了对应的范文，考生可针对性地查看和学习。 第二部分：提供了听力原文，以及阅读材料、听力原文和参考范文的中文译文，以便加深大家对文章的理解，学习立论、行文之法。另外，书中收录了72个TIPS for SUCCESS，其中既包括语法讲解（例如，虚拟语气句式、不定代词的用法等），也包括了写作考试中的注意事项（例如，如何合理安排时间，如何展开论述等）。

　　Michael A. Putlack（迈克尔·帕特莱克） 美国马萨诸塞州麦德福德市塔夫斯大学历史学硕士，托福、托业和英语能力鉴定考试的研发专家。Susan Kim（金守进）加拿大温哥华不列颠哥伦比亚大学学士，韩国开普兰教育中心托福教师。

目录 Actual Test 01 Integrated Task American History: Robert E. Peary ……………………. 15 Independent Task Environment …………………………………….…….18 Actual Test 02 Integrated Task Sociology: The Privatization of Infrastructu………………. 23 Independent Task Government’s Role ………………………………………. 26 Actual Test 03 Integrated Task Archaeology: Mima Mounds ……………………………. 31 Independent Task Alone vs. Together ………………………………………. 34 Actual Test 04 Integrated Task Psychology: Reasons for Sleep …………………………. 39 Independent Task Traveling …………………………………………………. 42 Actual Test 05 Integrated Task Forestry: Prescribed Burns ………………………………. 47 Independent Task Hobbies ……………………………………………..……. 50 Actual Test 06 Integrated Task Anthropology: The Amazon River Basin …………………. 55 Independent Task Society …………………………………………………..….58 Actual Test 07 Integrated Task History: The Origin of the Etruscans ………………………. 63 Independent Task Media …………………………………………………….…. 66 Actual Test 08 Integrated Task Zoology: Marsupials …………………………………..……. 71 Independent Task Students’ Role ………………………………………..……. 74 Actual Test 09 Integrated Task Anthropology: The Origin of Native Americans ……………. 79 Independent Task Monetary Value ………………………………………………. 82 Actual Test 10 Integrated Task Archaeology: The Construction of the Pyramids ….…………. 87 Independent Task Problem Solving …………………………………………..…. 90 Actual Test 11 Integrated Task Food Technology: Food Irradiation …………….………. 95 Independent Task Past vs. Present ……………………………………...…. 98 Actual Test 12 Integrated Task Ecology: Alternative Energy ……………………..……. 103 Independent Task Children’s Role …………………………………………. 106 Actual Test 13 Integrated Task Zoology: Bonobos ………………………………………. 111 Independent Task Country ……………………………………………….…. 114 Actual Test 14 Integrated Task Anthropology: The Harappan Civilization ………………. 119 Independent Task Parents’ Role ………………………………………………. 122 Actual Test 15 Integrated Task Astronomy: Existence of Life on Mars ……………………. 127 Independent Task Single vs. Multiple …………………………………………. 130 Actual Test 16 Integrated Task Meteorology: The Eocene Warming ………………………. 135 Independent Task Miscellaneous ………………………………………………. 138 Actual Test 17 Integrated Task Zoology: Animal Play Behavior ……………………………. 143 Independent Task Self-Discipline ………………………………………….……. 146 Actual Test 18 Integrated Task Geology: The Little Ice Age …………………………………. 151 Independent Task Method ………………………………………………………. 154 Actual Test 19 Integrated Task Education: Online Degree Program …………………………. 159 Independent Task Technology …………………………………………………. 162 Actual Test 20 Integrated Task Anthropology: The Mayan Empire …………………………. 167 Independent Task Teacher’s Role ………………………………………………. 170 Actual Test 21 Integrated Task Paleontology: The Functions of a Dinosaur’s Cres……………. 175 Independent Task Young People ………………………………………….……. 178 Actual Test 22 Integrated Task Biology: A Narwhal’s Tusk …………………………………. 183 Independent Task Future Life …………………………………………………. 186 Actual Test 23 Integrated Task Anthropology: The Origin of Dogs ………………..………. 191 Independent Task Challenge ……………………………………………..……. 194 Actual Test 24 Integrated Task Geography: Carolina Bays …………………………………. 199 Independent Task Value …………………………………………….…………. 202 Listening Scripts and Translations …………………..……. 208