风俗习惯
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中国少数民族节日邢莉China is one of the world's great ancient civilizations with a history of some 5.000 years.Celebrations and festivals are an intrinsic part of that civilization.Some festivalshave been held continuously for over 2.000 years. The festivals are important sources of cultural expression and enjoyment not only for Chinese people,but also for neighboring Asian countries and for expatriate Chinese communities around the world.Indeed one could confidently say that Chinese festival culture is now an intrinsic part of global heritage and culture.
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中国少数民族图腾崇拜何星亮Religious and social aspects are two sides of totemism. Besides satisfying the spiritual living of people in original times, it was also closely related to social organizational system, legal system and marriage system and engendered a complex religious cultural system which played an important role in mankind's initial society. Totemism is very peculiar among various beliefs in mankind's history,and it is hard to understand many relevant customs until today.
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中国少数民族婚俗贾仲益For any social or ethnic group,rites and marriage customs are invariably all essential expression of their unique character.This book will introduce you the colorful marriage customs prevalent among China's ethnic minority groups. The abundance and diversity of these customs,which vary from region to region and from people to people,is quite amazing.The book seeks to introduce some of the typical marriage customs of ethnic minorities as well as some that still prevail in the vast rural and pastoral areas.
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十二生肖胡佐卿,李海波 编著马在中华民族文化中的地位极高,具有一系列的象征意义和寓意。祖先们认为,龙马就是仁马,它是黄河的精灵,是炎黄子孙的化身,代表了华夏民族的主体精神和最高道德。祖先们在世界观里已经把龙马等同于纯阳的乾,它是刚健、热烈、高昂、升腾、饱满、昌盛、发达的代名词,《易经》中干脆说:“乾为马”,它是天的象征,又代表着君王、父亲、君子、原始、生生不息……孔夫子在《周易·乾卦》中总结的那句中国人代代流传最响亮的名言:“天行健,君子以自强不息!”就是由此而来是的,这匹由我们民族的魂魄所造的龙马,雄壮无比,力大无穷,追月逐日,乘风御雨,不舍昼夜,这不正是中华民族战天斗地、征服自然的生动写照吗?不正是炎黄子孙克服困难、永远前进的生动比喻吗?不正是中国人民不畏艰险、乐观向上的生命意义的反映吗?马又是能力、圣贤、人才、有作为的象征,古人常常以“千里马”来比喻。更清楚无误地以马喻示人才的事迹,是著名的“千金买骨”的典故。马象征着人才,所以善相马的人又被喻为善识才、善举才者。像秦时期赵国的王良、秦国的伯乐、方九堙等都是相马的专家。人才的埋没或缺乏表现的沉闷局面就被叫作“万马齐喑”。清朝著名的文人龚自珍有一首诗就说:“九州生气恃风雷,万马齐喑究可衰;我劝天公重拌搂,不拘一格降人才。”
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十二生肖胡佐卿,李海波 编著人们常常把蛇雅称为“小龙”,以示尊崇。民俗农历三月三是蛇结束冬眠、出洞活动的日子,也被称为“龙抬头”,这是把蛇比为龙。而事实上,蛇与龙的地位及敬奉象征意义是有天壤之别的。蛇的象征意义,人们首先想到的是它的狠毒。很多人一想到蛇就有一种莫名其妙的恐惧感。第二个象征意义是阴险、冷漠。这大约与蛇是所谓的“冷血动物”有关,因此阴冷也被认为是蛇的特性。第三个象征意义是莫测。蛇没有脚却可以爬行,又往往来无影去无踪,显得很神秘。第四个象征意义是狡猾。这个象征意义是“舶来品”,源于《圣经》,《圣经》上说,蛇是上帝耶和华所创造的万物中最狡猾的一种。无论是中国文化,还是西方文化,蛇的主要象征意义都是贬义的。不过也不完全如此,蛇的象征意义也有褒义的一面。蛇的第一个正面象征意义是幸运、吉祥和神圣。古埃及人认为蛇是君主的保护神,法老用黄金和宝石塑造了眼镜蛇的形象,饰进皇冠,作为皇权的徽记。第二个正面象征意义是追求爱情和幸福。这一意义主要体现在民间传统故事《白蛇传》里。第三个正面象征意义是长寿、生殖和财富。在中国文化中,蛇和龟是长寿的象征,练习瑜伽功的人认为蛇可以活500年,蛇还是财富的象征,所以想发财致富的人必须到蛇庙虔诚祈祷。第四个正面象征意义是医药和医业。中国民间普遍认为蛇有识别药草的能力。
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民俗上海尹继佐《民俗上海:黄浦卷》将上海黄浦区的民俗文化整理和挖掘出来,并给予充分的展示,有利于提高上海人对上海的认同,也有利于在国际交往中展现上海文化总体形象和文化品格。全书以图文并茂的方式向世界展示上海民俗文化的瑰丽画卷,并试图通过这一努力唤起全社会对上海民俗文化的关注。
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