外科学

　　本书是《医学考研专业基础课和专业课突破系列》中的一本，共分5部分：第1部分是考研信息（知己知彼，百战不殆），不但提供本科目考试的信息，而且提供其他资料，包括网址、研招办联系方式、各医学专业的招生人数等有关的重要信息。第2部分是考研策略（运筹帷幄，决胜考研），为经验之谈。第3部分的内容是各“章”击破（真题引导，兼顾覆盖），以各个医学院校的真题为蓝本和主导，巧妙地把整门学科贯串起来，使得考生不但能了解出题规律，而且能够看出学科的发展。同时，为了覆盖《外科学》的考点内容，我们专门收集和设计了一些题，以便不遗漏知识点。第4部分是横贯纵览，对于跨章跨科的内容，一举歼灭。第5部分是核心词汇（中英并举，顺利过关），以最有效的记忆词汇方法，突破专业英文词汇。本书特点：①首创医学真题导向法，帮助考生以不变应万变，同时形式活泼。②三种题分别归类为：手边题（死题）——基础、常考、得分题，擦边题（活题）——“难”、“偏”、“怪”题，没边题（生题）——热点、前沿、进展题。③每一章的前面，有英汉对照的励志语，使考生耳目一新，同时能拓展和提高英语水平。本书适合医学考研生和本科生使用。

暂缺《外科学》作者简介

Preface
PartⅠ:The Patient Presents With
1.Acute Abdominal Pain
Differential diagnosis of acute abdominal pain
History to focus on the differential diagnosis of acute abdominal pain
Examination of patients who have acute abdominal pain
Investigation of patients who have acute abdominal pain
2.Dyspepsia
Differential diagnosis of dyspepsia
History to focus on the differential diagnosis of dyspepsia
Examination of patients who have dyspepsia
Investigation of patients who have dyspepsia
3.Vomiting,Haematemesis,and Melaena
Differential diagnosis of vomiting,haematemesis,and melaena
History to focus on the differential diagnosis of vomiting ,haematemesis,and melaena
Examination of patients who have vomiting,haematemesis,and melaena
Investigation of patients who have vomiting,haematemesis,and melaena
4.Change in Bowel Habit
Differential diagnosis of a change in bowel habit
History to focus on the differential diagnosis of a change in bowel habit
Examination of patients who have a change in bowel habit
Investigation of patients who have a change in bowel habit
5.Abdominal Mass and Distension
Differential diagnosis of abdominal mass or distension
History to focus on the differential diagnosis of abdominal mass or distension
Examination of patients who have abdominal mass or distension
Investigation of patients who have abdominal mass or distension
6.Rectal Bleeding
Differential diagnosis of rectal bleeding
History to focus on the differential diagnosis of rectal bleeding
Examination of patients who have rectal bleeding
Investigation of patients who have rectal bleeding
7.Anorectal Pain
Differential diagnosis of anorectal pain
History to focus on the differential diagnosis of anorectal pain
Examination of patients who have anorectal pain
Investigation of patients who have anorectal pain
8.Jaundice
Differential diagnosis of jaundice
History to focus on the differential diagnosis of jaundice
Examination of patients who have jaundice
Investigation of patients who have jaundice
9.Dysphagia
Differential diagnosis of dysphagia
History to focus on the differential diagnosis of dysphagia
Examination of patients who have dysphagia
Investigation of patients who have dysphagia
10.Breast Lump
Differential diagnosis of a breast lump
History to focus on the differential diagnosis of a breast lump
Examination of patients who have a breast lump
Investigation of patients who have a breast lump
11.Neck Lump
Differential diagnosis of a neck lump
History to focus on the differential diagnosis of a neck lump
Examination of patients who have a neck lump
Investigation of patients who have a neck lump
12.Ischaemic Limb
Differential diagnosis of an ischaemic limb
History to focus on the differential diagnosis of an ischaemic limb
Examination of patients who have an ischaemic limb
Investigon of patients who have an ischaemic limb
13.Leg Ulcer
Differential diagnosis of a leg ulcer
History to focus on the differential diagnosis of a leg ulcer
Examination of patients who have a leg ulcer
Investigation of patients who have a leg ulcer
14.Groin Swelling
Differential diagnosis of a groin swelling
History to focus on the differential diagnosis of a groin Swelling
Examination of patients who have a groin swelling
Investigation of patients who have a groin swelling
15.Scrotal Swelling
Differential diagnosis of a scrotal swelling
History to focus on the differential diagnosis of a scrotal swelling
Examination of patients who have a scrotal swelling
Investigation of patients who have a scrotal swelling
16.Haematuria
Differential diagnosis of haematuria
History to focus on the differential diagnosis of haematuria
Examination of patients who have haematuria
Investigation of patients who have haematuria
17.Urinary Difficulty
Differential diagnosis of difficulty
History to focus on the differential diagnosis of urinary difficulty
Examination of patients who have urinary difficulty
Investigation of patients who have urinary difficulty
18.Skin lesion
Differential diagnosis of a skin lesion
History to focus on the differential diagnosis of a skin lesion
Examination of patients who have a skin lesion
Investigation of patients who have a skin lesion
19.Anaemia
Differential diagnosis of a anaemia
History to focus on the differential diagnosis of a anaemia
Examination of patients who have a anaemia
Investigation of patients who have a anaemia
20.Postoperative Pyrexia
Differential diagnosis of postoperative pyrexia
History to focus on the differential diagnosis of postoperative pyrexia
Examination of patients who have postoperative pyrexia
Investigation of patients who have postoperative pyrexia
PartⅡ:History,Examination,and Common Investigations
21.Clerking a Surgical Patient
Introduction
History
Influence of coexisting disease on operative intervention
Important medical conditions
Common presenting symptoms
22.Examination of a Surgical Patient
Examination of specific surgical conditions
General examination of the patient
Examination of the breast
Examination of the neck and thyroid
Examination of the abdomen
Examination of a hernia
Examination of a scrotal swelling
Examination of peripheral vasculature
Examination of varicose veins
Examination of a patient who has multiple injuries
23.Writing Up a Surgical Clerking
Sample clerking
24.Investigation of a Surgical Patient
Assessment before general anaesthesia
Investigation of the gastrointestinal tract
Investigation of breast problems
Investigation of thyroid disease
Vascular investigations
Urological investigations
PartⅢ:Background Information and Management Plans
25.Oesophageal Disorders
Gastro-oesophageal reflux
Benign tumours of the oesophagus
Oesophageal cancer
Achalasia
Pharyngeal pouch
Plummer-Vinson syndrome
Perforation of the oesophagus
Dysphagia
26.Gastric and Duodenal Disorders
Peptic ulceration
Erosive gastritis
Chronic atrophic gastritis
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
Gastric cancer
Gastric lymphoma
27.Disorders of Small Intestine
Obstruction of the small intestine
Crohn''s disease
Short gut syndrome
Intestinal ischaemia
Chronic ischaemia
Radiation enteropathy
Meckel''s diverticulum
Intussusception
Tumours of the small intestine
Carcinoid tumours
28.Colonic Disorders
Acute appendictitis
Appendix tumours
Inflammatory bowel diseases
Ulcerative colitis
Crohn''s disease of the colon
Diverticulosis
Volvulus
Caecal volvulus
Pseudo-obstruction
Colonic polyps
Villous adenoma
Colonic carcinoma
Vascular disorders
Ischaemic colitis
Colonic obstruction
29.Anorectal Disorders
Haemorrhoids
Anal fissure
Perianal haematoma
Rectal prolapse
Perianal abscess
Anal fistula
Pruritus ani
Anal carcinoma
30.Hepatobiliary Disorders
Normal liver function
Acute liver damage
Portal hypertension
Hepatic cysts
Hepatic abscesses
Hepatic tumours
Chronic liver disease
Gall bladder disease
Acalculous cholecystitis
Pancreatitis
Chronic pancreatitis
Pancreatic tumours
Endocrine tumours of the pancreas
Obstructive jaundice
31.Gynaecological Disorders
Ovarian cysts and neoplasms
Ovarian tumours
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Ectopic pregnancy
Endometriosis
Leiomyoma
32.Abdominal Hernias
Types of hernia
Inguinal gernia
Femoral hernia
Umbilical hernia
Paraumbilical hernia
Epigastric hernia
Incisional hernia
Uncommon hernias
Diaphragmatic hernia
Obturator hernia
Rectus haematoma
Desmoid tumour
33.Thyroid and Parathyroid Disorders
Thyroid gland
Thyroglossal cyst
Thyroid goitre
Solitary thyroid nodule
Thyroiditis
Thyroid carcinomas
Thyroid operations
Parathyroid disorders
Hyperparathyroidism
34.Neck Swellings
Cervical lymphadenopthy
Other cervical swellings
Salivary gland disorders
Salivary gland tumours
35.Breast Disorders
Breast development
Benign breast disorders
Benign breast lumps
Breast cancer
Gynaecomastia and male breast concer
36.Vascular Disorders
Chronic limb ischaemia
Acute limb ischaemia
Compartment syndrome
Aneurysm
Abdominal aortic aneurysm
Thoracoabdominal aneurysm
Diabetic foot problems
Amputation
Carotid artery disease
Coronary artery disease
Thromboangiitis obliterans
Raynaud''s disease
Raynaud''s phenomenon
Varicose veins
Superficial thrombophlebitis
Subclavian or axillary vein thrombosis
Lymphatic disorders
37.Urological Disorders
Urinary tract infection
Renal tract calculi
Renal carcinoma
Nephroblastoma(Wilms''tumour)
Tumours of the renal pelvis and ureter
Bladder cancer
Prostatic cancer
Testicular cancer
Penile cancer
Lower urinary tract obstruction
Upper urinary tract obstruction
Renal transplantation
Urinary incontinence
Testicular problems
Scrotal problems
Disorders of the perineum
38.Skin Lesions
Benign conditions
Benign skin tumours
Vascular lesions
Malignan skin lesions
Pigmented lesions
39.Soft Tissue Disorders
Hand and nail problems
Pilonidal sinus
Soft tissue tumours
40.Trauma
Chest injuries
Abdominal trauma
Head injury
Limb injuries
Burns
41.Postoperative care and complications
Postoperative fluid management
Shock
Prevention of complications
Postoperative analgesia
Postoperative nutrition
42.Principles of Cancer Management
Cancer
Screening for cancer
Spread of cancer
Staging of cancer
Operations for malignant disease
Radiotherapy for malignant disease
Chemotherapy for malignant disease
Hormonal therapy for malignant disease
Palliative care
PartⅣ:Self-assessment
Multiple-choice questions
Short-answer questions
Patient management problems
MCQ answers
SAQ anwers
Index