英语写作基础（自考）

　　当您开始阅读本书时，人类已经迈入了二十一世纪。这是一个变幻难测的世纪，这是一个催人奋进的时代。科学技术飞速发展，知识更替日新月异。希望、困惑、机遇、挑战，随时随地都有可能出现在每一个社会成员的生活之中。抓住机遇，寻求发展，迎接挑战，适应变化的制胜法宝就是学习——依靠自己学习、终生学习。作为我国高等教育组成部分的自学考试，其职责就是在高等教育这个水平上倡导自学、鼓励自学、帮助自学、推动自学，为每一个自学者铺就成才之路。组织编写供读者学习的教材就是履行这个职责的重要环节。毫无疑问，这种教材应当适合自学，应当有利于学习者掌握、了解新知识、新信息，有利于学习者增强创新意识、培养实践能力、形成自学能力，也有利于学习者学以致用、解决实际工作中所遇到的问题。具有如此特点的书，我们虽然沿用了“教材”这个概念，但它与那种仅供教师讲、学生听，教师不讲、学生不懂，以“教”为中心的教科书相比，已经在内容安排、形式体例、行文风格等方面都大不相同了。希望读者对此有所了解，以便从一开始就树立起依靠自己学习的坚定信念，不断探索适合自己的学习方法，充分利用已有的知识基础和实际工作经验，最大限度地发挥自己的潜能达到学习的目标。欢迎读者提出意见和建议。祝每一位读者自学成功。

暂缺《英语写作基础（自考）》作者简介

PART ONE
THE SENTENCE
I. TYPES OF SENTENCES
A. The Periodic Sentence
B. The Short and Long Sentences
1. Using short sentences
2. Using long sentences
3. Alternating short and long sentences
C. Simple, Compound, Complex and Compound—Complex Sentences
1. The Simple sentence
2. The compound sentence
3. The complex sentence
4. The compound—complex sentence
II. COMMON ERRORS
A. Run—on Sentences
B. Fragmentary Sentences
1. dependent—word fragments
2. –ing and to fragments
3. added—detail fragments
4. missing—subject fragments
C. Faulty Parallelism
1. Correcting faulty coordination
2. Making a series of parallels
3. Watching incorrect omissions
4. Comparisons using than or as
D. Misplaced Modifiers
E. dangling Modifiers
III. SENTENCE VARIETY AND BREVITY
A. Modifying Phrases
B. Relative Pronouns
C. Joining Sentences And Doing Away With Unnecessary Words
D. Combining Short Sentences
E. Sentence Variety Through Participle Phrases
F. –ly Openers
G. to Openers
PART TWO
THE PARAGRAPH
I. PREWRITING
A. Free—writing
B. Questioning
C. Listing and Grouping
II. SIMPLE OUTLINING
III. THE TOPIC SENTENCE
Supporting Sentences
IV. UNITY
V. COHERENCE
A. The Use of Pronouns
B. The Repetition of Key Nouns And Key Word Groups
C. Avoiding Pronoun Shifts
D. Using Transitional Signals
VI. ENDING A PARAGRAPH
A. Restating the Main Idea
B. Summarizing the Main Points
C. Showing a Result
D. Putting the Most Important Point Last
E. Drawing an Inference
VII. WAYS OF DEVELOPING A PARAGRAPH
A. Time and Process
B. Space
C. Exemplification
PART THREE
PRECIS AND PRACTICAL WRITING
I. PRECIS WRITING
II. PRACTICAL WRITING
A. Notes
1. Note of thanks
2. Messages
3. Invitations
4. Appointments
5. Apologies
B. Letters
1. The format of the letter
2. Application for a job
3. Application for a college
4. Letters of invitation
5. Letters of thanks
6. Letters of complaints
7. Letters of congratulations
C. Resume
APPENDIX I
USEFUL INFORMATION FOR WRITING
A. Capitalization
B. Punctuation
C. Word Division
APPENDIX II
DICTIONARIES RECOMMENDED FOR LEARNERS OF ENGLISH WRITING
后记
英语写作基础自学考试大纲