Ⅴ动词(2)

69.借电话的说法

“我想跟你借个电话好吗?”一句话,译成英文:May I borrow your telephone?为什么不对呢?

【解答】这句英文本身并没有错,不过不适宜于这种场合之用罢了。因为这句话,并不表示想要借电话打一下,而是说要借用电话机,把机子拿走,可见borrow一字是不能拿来直译许多中国话的,比方说中国话的“借光”,只能译作Excuse me,若果直译为borrow the light,就无人能懂了。我们说借电话,实际是使用一下别人的电话,重在“用”,而不在“借”。因此,英文要把借字译成用字,才合乎他们的说法,即: May I use your telephone?

如果是一支笔的话,借与用是相同的,即是借去使用,所以二者都可以说:

May I borrow your pen?

May I use your pen?

(你的笔借我用一下好吗?)中国话中的借字有时是用得很妙的,如“借问”(May I ask you?),“借宿”(to ask for lodging),“借重”(to seek the assistance of),“借酒浇愁”(to drown care in the wine bowl),“借故”(to make use of any thing as a pretext for)等等,都不宜直译。

70.接电话的说法

“昨晚我接到了他的电话。”译为:I received a telephone from him last night.为什么不可以呢?

【解答】这句英文,仍然和上项的情形一样,在句子本身并不为错,只是译得不恰当罢了。我们说收到他的信,可译成:receive a letter from him或hear from him,所收到的确有一封信,电话只是收到几句话,如果说:receive a telephone便是收到一架电话机,不是对方打来的电话。所以质问中所举出的那句话,应英译为: I had (或received) a phone call from him last night.

也可以改变主语而成: He called me up last night.

He telephoned (to) me last night. 又关于打电话的英文表现法,还有下面种种:

我将用电话通知他。

I’ll tell him by telephone.

他们在电话中交谈。

They talked over the telephone.

你有电话。

You’re wanted on the phone.或A phone for you.

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