Ⅲ形容词、副词(4)

注意:English people英格兰的人;the English=the people of England全体的英格兰人(集合的名称);an Englishman一个英国人。例如:The English belong to the white race.(英国人是白种人。)Those are Englishmen.(那些人是英国人。)

英文的people,race,nation三字都有“民族”的意思,people的含义已如上述;race为种族,即强调生理方面,具有相同的血统和身体上共同的特征;nation强调政治上的统一,指在一个政府下团结一致的人群,例如: Americans are a people and a nation,but not a race.(美国人是一个民族,一个国民,但不是一个种族。)

Hawaiians were a people,not a nation.(从前夏威夷人就是一个民族,可不是一个国家。) 57.复数名词前加用不定冠词

在上一问的解答中,我们知道普通复数名词后面是可以接不定冠词的,如The English are a people.但不知在普通名词的复数形前面,能不能也加用不定冠词?

【解答】在下列四种情形中的复数名词的前面,也可以加用不定冠词:

(1)在那复数名词的前面,用有good many或great many的字眼时,例如:

I’ve been there a good many times.(我到那里去过好几次。)

There were a great many students in the street.(街上曾有许多学生。)

(2)当那名词本身具有复数形时,例如:

The place became a shambles.(那地方变成屠杀场。)

注意:shambles=slaughterhouse(屠场),并不是shamble=clumsy walk(蹒跚)的复数形,这是完全不相干的两个字。这个语尾有〔s〕的名词,前面并不一定要加不定冠词,如turn cities into shambles(化城市为屠场),但The city has been turned into a shambles.(把那城市变成一个屠场),便要有冠词了。

(3)当名词的形式虽变成了复数,但意义仍是单数时例如:

A hundred miles is a good distance.(一百英里是相当远的距离。)(a hundred miles意即the distance of a hundred miles.)

A thousand kisses buys my heart from me.(一千个吻足够收买我的心。)

I am well studied (=inclined) for a liberal thanks which I do owe you.——Shakespeare(我很想要对你表示充分的谢意。)

The Washington,D.C. National Airport is a world crossroads.(华府国家机场是世界的交通要道。)(crossroads歧路或十字路口,并非指几条路,而是一个有分歧的地点。)

I made a hundred dollars.(我赚了一百块钱。)

There is a fine Zoological Gardens in our town.(本城有一个很好的动物园。)

What this country needs is not a good fivecent cigar,or a good fivecent cup of coffee,but a good five cents.(这个国家所需要的,不是五分钱一支的好雪茄,也不是五分钱一杯的好咖啡,而是一枚值价的好的五分钱。)

(4)有些名词原来就是一对或多数构成的,所以复数形也是指的单数,如a pincers,a tongs,a tweezers,a bagpipes,a thicklips等皆是。

He is a slyboots.(他是一个淘气的孩子)

A sliver scissors was given to him.(给了他一把银剪刀。)

Here comes a buttons.(来了一个侍役。)

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